urlencode
(PHP 4, PHP 5)
urlencode — URL-encodes string
Description
This function is convenient when encoding a string to be used in a query part of a URL, as a convenient way to pass variables to the next page.
Return Values
Returns a string in which all non-alphanumeric characters except -_. have been replaced with a percent (%) sign followed by two hex digits and spaces encoded as plus (+) signs. It is encoded the same way that the posted data from a WWW form is encoded, that is the same way as in application/x-www-form-urlencoded media type. This differs from the » RFC 3986 encoding (see rawurlencode()) in that for historical reasons, spaces are encoded as plus (+) signs.
Examples
Example #1 urlencode() example
<?php
echo '<a href="mycgi?foo=', urlencode($userinput), '">';
?>
Example #2 urlencode() and htmlentities() example
<?php
$query_string = 'foo=' . urlencode($foo) . '&bar=' . urlencode($bar);
echo '<a href="mycgi?' . htmlentities($query_string) . '">';
?>
Notes
Note:
Be careful about variables that may match HTML entities. Things like &, © and £ are parsed by the browser and the actual entity is used instead of the desired variable name. This is an obvious hassle that the W3C has been telling people about for years. The reference is here: » http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/appendix/notes.html#h-B.2.2.
PHP supports changing the argument separator to the W3C-suggested semi-colon through the arg_separator .ini directive. Unfortunately most user agents do not send form data in this semi-colon separated format. A more portable way around this is to use & instead of & as the separator. You don't need to change PHP's arg_separator for this. Leave it as &, but simply encode your URLs using htmlentities() or htmlspecialchars().
See Also
- urldecode() - Decodes URL-encoded string
- htmlentities() - Convert all applicable characters to HTML entities
- rawurlencode() - URL-encode according to RFC 3986
- rawurldecode() - Decode URL-encoded strings
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