C# App ADC采样 曲线测试

之前用MATLAB 做了一个类似的曲线APP，这次尝试一下C#。由于刚入门，在实现过程中走了好一些弯路。

一开始打算用C#的Timer定时采集数据，但是波形失真很严重。

之后又尝试分线程，串口一个线程，将数据存入一个dataQueue中，更新曲线另一个线程，但最终在更新曲线的for 循环过程中，dataQueue进入了一个新的数据，或者还有些什么其他的原因，导致一直报错，最终还是没找到什么好的解决办法。人菜。。

程序测试效果见下。

 串口的复杂设置懒得弄了，奇偶检验还有停止位那些一般都是默认设置。

其他的代码都很简单，注意跨线程时要用委托更新非线程创建的控件，不然报错。对于此网上很多资料。

C# 源码,仅供参考：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
//using System.ComponentModel;
//using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
//using System.Linq;
//using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Threading;
//using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting;
using System.IO.Ports;

namespace ADC_test
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {

        Byte[] receivedData = new byte[2];
        int i = 0;
        int N = 50; //1s收到的数据点个数，源自MSP430设置 
        double data;
        System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch watch = new System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch();
        //测试代码运行时长，测试用

        public delegate void TextHandler(Label label,string s);  

        public delegate void ChartHandler(Chart chart1, double data);


        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            InitChart();
        }

        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            
            if (serialport !=null && serialport.IsOpen)
            {
                timer1.Stop();
                serialport.Write("N");
                serialport.Close();
            }
            Application.Exit();

        }


        private void InitChart()    
        {
            //定义图表区域
            chart1.ChartAreas.Clear();
            ChartArea chartArea1 = new ChartArea("C1");
             chart1.ChartAreas.Add(chartArea1);
            //定义存储和显示点的容器
            chart1.Series.Clear();
            Series series1 = new Series("Data");
            series1.ChartArea = "C1";
            chart1.Series.Add(series1);
            //设置图表显示样式
            chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.Minimum = 0;  //设置Y轴范围
            chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.Maximum = 3.5;
            chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.Minimum = 0;
            chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.Maximum = 3;  //设置X轴范围
            chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.Interval = 0.5;
            chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.MajorGrid.LineColor = Color.Silver;
            chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.MajorGrid.LineColor = Color.Silver;

            chart1.Series[0].BorderWidth = 3;  //设置线宽

            //设置标题
            chart1.Titles.Clear();
            chart1.Titles.Add("Voltage data");
            chart1.Titles[0].Text = "ADC/DAC Test";
            chart1.Titles[0].ForeColor = Color.RoyalBlue;
            chart1.Titles[0].Font = new Font("Microsoft Sans Serif", 14F);
            chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.Title = "Time/s";
            chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.Title = "Voltage/V";
            //设置图表显示样式
            chart1.Series[0].Color = Color.BlueViolet;
            chart1.Series[0].ChartType = SeriesChartType.Spline;
            chart1.Series[0].Points.Clear();
         
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

            ThreadStart childref1 = new ThreadStart(SerialPortFunction);
            Thread childThread1 = new Thread(childref1);
            chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.Minimum = 0;
            chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.Maximum = 3;
            chart1.Series[0].Points.Clear();

            try
            {
                serialport = new SerialPort(this.comboBox1.Text, Convert.ToInt32(this.comboBox2.Text));
                serialport.Open();
                serialport.Write("N");
                serialport.Write("Y");
                label4.ForeColor = Color.Red;
                label4.Text = "Running"; 
            }
            catch(Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("Can't open the serial port!\n"+ex.Message,"Error");
                return;
            }
        
            childThread1.Start();

        }


        public void SerialPortFunction()
        {
      
            while (i < N * 10)   //测试10秒波形
            {
                serialport.DiscardInBuffer();
                serialport.Write("Y");
                while (serialport.BytesToRead < 2) //MSP430分两次发送一个数据
                {
                };

                serialport.Read(receivedData, 0, 2);
                Console.WriteLine(string.Join(" ", receivedData));//观察数据

                data = (receivedData[0] * 256 + receivedData[1]) * 3.3 / 1024;  //计算电压实际值

                i++;

                chart1.Invoke(new ChartHandler(DrawChart), chart1, data);   //更新曲线
                label6.Invoke(new TextHandler(ChangeText), label6,data.ToString() + "V"); //更新电压值

            }

            serialport.Write("N");  //关闭ADC
            serialport.Close();
            i = 0;   
            label4.ForeColor = Color.Lime;
            label4.Invoke(new TextHandler(ChangeText), label4, "Ready");
            MessageBox.Show("Show completed","Message");
           
        }
 

        public void ChangeText(Label label,string s)
        {
                label.Text = s;
        }


        public void DrawChart(Chart chart1, double data)
        {
            chart1.Series[0].Points.AddXY(0.02*i,data);

            if (i >= N * 3 && i % N == 0)  //更新坐标轴范围
            {
                chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.Minimum = i / N - 2;
                chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.Maximum = i / N + 1;
            }
        }
    }

    }

    

曲线图参考：

C# 实时折线图，波形图 - 小六公子 - 博客园

另外关于ADC的设置，其采样为每秒等间隔采样50个数据点。

即SMCLK=1MHz，TimerA的CCR0=20000（1M/20000=50），其output用于供ADC采样使用。

其余设置： ADC的UART收到字符Y后开始工作，收到其他字符后停止工作。

DCOCTL = CALDCO_1MHZ; BCSCTL1 = CALBC1_1MHZ;

void TIMERA_Init()
{

    TA0CTL= TASSEL_2+MC_1+TACLR;
    TA0CCTL1=OUTMOD_3;
    CCR0=20000; // T=1/50 s
    CCR1=5000;  // Set the duty. Can be any value in this project
}

void UART_send(unsigned short data)
{
    unsigned short temp1=0,temp2=0;
    temp1 = data>>8;
    temp2= data-temp1*0x100;
    UCA0TXBUF=temp1;
    while(UCA0STAT&UCBUSY);
    UCA0TXBUF=temp2;
    while(UCA0STAT&UCBUSY);
}


void ADC10_Init()
{
    ADC10CTL0 &= ~ENC;
    ADC10CTL0 = ADC10SHT_1 + ADC10ON +ADC10IE;  //SMCLK
    ADC10CTL1= CONSEQ_2+ INCH_3 +SHS_1;   //TimerA 0_1 output
    ADC10AE0 |= BIT3;  //Set P1.3 as ADC10 input
//    ADC10CTL0 |= ENC+ADC10SC;
    _bis_SR_register(CPUOFF+GIE);  // MUST NOT PUT IT IN TIMERA_Init()
}



//

#pragma vector=ADC10_VECTOR
__interrupt void ADC10_ISR_HOOK(void)
{
    UART_send(ADC10MEM);
    __bic_SR_register_on_exit(CPUOFF);

}



#pragma vector=USCIAB0RX_VECTOR
__interrupt void USCI0RX_ISR(void)
{
    s=UCA0RXBUF;
    if(s=='Y')
    {
        GPIO_Working();  //绿灯亮
        ADC10CTL0 |= ENC+ADC10SC;
    }
    else
    {
        GPIO_Reset();   //红灯亮
        ADC10CTL0 &= ~ENC;
    }
}

2022/4/23更新：

新增STM32部分，实现同样功能。

STM32型号：STM32F103ZET6；

使用资源：

USART1,ADC1,TIM3;

如上图，TIM3挂在APB1总线上，APB1时钟为8MHz

 利用TIM3控制ADC采样，如前所述，每秒采样50个点，故实际上应该分频为50Hz

 进而确定一些设定的系数。

这里8MHz/8/20000=50Hz;

ADC设置：

 

USART波特率9600，同样是在在ADC中断中发送数据。

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : main.c
  * @brief          : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * <h2><center>&copy; Copyright (c) 2022 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.</center></h2>
  *
  * This software component is licensed by ST under BSD 3-Clause license,
  * the "License"; You may not use this file except in compliance with the
  * License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
  *                        opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "adc.h"
#include "tim.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "stdio.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
float ADC_ConvertedValueLocal;   

uint32_t ADC_ConvertedValue;

uint8_t temp[2];
/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_ADC1_Init();
  MX_USART1_UART_Init();
  MX_TIM3_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
	HAL_ADC_Start_IT(&hadc1);   //不要忘记打开ADC和定时器
	HAL_TIM_Base_Start(&htim3);

  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_PeriphCLKInitTypeDef PeriphClkInit = {0};

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_NONE;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_HSI;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  PeriphClkInit.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_ADC;
  PeriphClkInit.AdcClockSelection = RCC_ADCPCLK2_DIV2;
  if (HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInit) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

void HAL_ADC_ConvCpltCallback(ADC_HandleTypeDef* hadc) //ADC中断
{
	ADC_ConvertedValue = HAL_ADC_GetValue(hadc);
	temp[0]=ADC_ConvertedValue/256;
	temp[1]=ADC_ConvertedValue%256;
	HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,temp,2,10);
}

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */

  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     tex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

/************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/

注意到STM32的ADC为12位，所以C#代码中data的值应该除以2^12=4096得到。