二叉排序树的基本操作

问题描述

       编写算法实现对依次输入的关键字序列建立二叉排序树，并能 实现二叉排序树的查找、插入和删除运算。

代码：

#include<cstdio>
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdlib>
using namespace std;
#define KeyType int

typedef struct
{
    KeyType key;
    char name[20];
}ElemTyped;

typedef struct BSTNode
{
    ElemTyped data;
    struct BSTNode *lchild,*rchild;
}BSTNode,*BSTree;

void SearchBST(BSTree T,KeyType key){
    if((T==NULL)||key==T->data.key){
        printf("关键字:%d\n名称:%s\n\n",T->data.key,T->data.name);
        return ;
    }
    else if(key<T->data.key&&(T->lchild!=NULL))
        return SearchBST(T->lchild,key);
    else if(key>T->data.key&&(T->rchild!=NULL))
        return SearchBST(T->rchild,key);
    else{
        printf("没有该关键字！\n\n");
        return ;
    }
}

void InsertBST(BSTree &T,ElemTyped e){
    BSTree s;
    if(T==NULL){
        s=new BSTNode;
        s->data=e;
        s->lchild=s->rchild=NULL;
        T=s;
    }
    else if(e.key<T->data.key)
        InsertBST(T->lchild,e);
    else
        InsertBST(T->rchild,e);
}

void CreatBST(BSTree &T){
    T=NULL;
    ElemTyped e;
    printf("请输入关键字个数:\n");
    int n;
    scanf("%d",&n);
    printf("请输入关键字：\n");
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
        cin>>e.key>>e.name;
        InsertBST(T,e);
    }
    printf("创建成功！\n\n");
    system("Pause");
    system("cls");
}

void DeleteBST(BSTree &T,KeyType key){
    BSTree p,f,q,s;
    p=T;f=NULL;
    while(p){
        if(p->data.key==key)
            break;
        f=p;
        if(p->data.key>key)
            p=p->lchild;
        else
            p=p->rchild;
    }
    if(!p)
        return ;
    q=p;
    if((p->lchild)&&(p->rchild)){
        s=p->lchild;
        while(s->rchild){
            q=s;
            s=s->rchild;
        }
        p->data=s->data;
        if(q!=p)
            q->rchild=s->lchild;
        else
            q->lchild=s->lchild;
        delete s;
        return;
    }
    else if(!p->rchild){
        p=p->lchild;
    }
    else if(!p->rchild)
        p=p->rchild;
    if(!f)
        T=p;
    else if(q==f->lchild)
        f->lchild=p;
    else
        f->rchild=p;
    delete q;
    printf("删除成功！\n");
    system("Pause");
    system("cls");
}

int main()
{
    BSTree T;
    while(1){
        printf("--------二叉排序树---------\n\n");
        printf("         1.创建.\n");
        printf("         2.查找.\n");
        printf("         3.插入.\n");
        printf("         4.删除.\n");
        printf("         5.退出.\n\n");
        printf("---------------------------\n\n");
        printf("请输入您的选择:\n");
        int a;
        scanf("%d",&a);
        if(a==5){
            printf("谢谢使用！\n");
            break;
        }
        if(a!=1&&a!=2&&a!=3&&a!=4&&a!=5){
            printf("您输得不符合要求，请重新出入！\n");
            continue;
        }
        switch(a){
            case 1:CreatBST(T);break;
            case 2:
                printf("请输入要查找的关键字：\n");
                KeyType e;
                cin>>e;
                SearchBST(T,e);
                system("Pause");
                system("cls");
                break;
            case 3:
                ElemTyped e1;
                printf("请输入要插入的关键字和名称:\n");
                cin>>e1.key>>e1.name;
                InsertBST(T,e1);
                printf("插入成功！\n");
                system("Pause");
                system("cls");
                break;
            case 4:
                KeyType e2;
                printf("请输入要删除的关键字：\n");
                cin>>e2;
                DeleteBST(T,e2);
                break;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

/*
45 CAO
12 ZHAO
53 DING
61 CHEN
37 WANG
24 LI
90 XIA
79 DU
3 MA
100 XYU
*/