1.依赖导入
<!-- starter web -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
</dependency>
2.validation常用注解
@Null 被注释的元素必须为null
@NotNull 被注释的元素不能为null,可以为空字符串
@AssertTrue 被注释的元素必须为true
@AssertFalse 被注释的元素必须为false
@Min(value) 被注释的元素必须是一个数字,其值必须大于等于指定的最小值
@Max(value) 被注释的元素必须是一个数字,其值必须小于等于指定的最大值
@DecimalMin(value) 被注释的元素必须是一个数字,其值必须大于等于指定的最小值
@DecimalMax(value) 被注释的元素必须是一个数字,其值必须小于等于指定的最大值
@Size(max,min) 被注释的元素的大小必须在指定的范围内。
@Digits(integer,fraction) 被注释的元素必须是一个数字,其值必须在可接受的范围内
@Past 被注释的元素必须是一个过去的日期
@Future 被注释的元素必须是一个将来的日期
@Pattern(value) 被注释的元素必须符合指定的正则表达式。
@Email 被注释的元素必须是电子邮件地址
@Length 被注释的字符串的大小必须在指定的范围内
@Range 被注释的元素必须在合适的范围内
@NotEmpty:用在集合类上,不能为null,并且长度必须大于0
@NotBlank:只能作用在String上,不能为null,而且调用trim()后,长度必须大于0
3.定义封装统一返回对象
import java.util.HashMap;
public class ResponseBo extends HashMap<String, Object> {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -8713837118340960775L;
// 成功
private static final Integer SUCCESS = 200;
// 警告
private static final Integer WARN = 203;
// 异常 失败
private static final Integer FAIL = 500;
public ResponseBo() {
put("code", SUCCESS);
put("msg", "操作成功");
put("data", null);
}
public static ResponseBo error(Object msg) {
ResponseBo ResponseBo = new ResponseBo();
ResponseBo.put("code", FAIL);
ResponseBo.put("msg", msg);
return ResponseBo;
}
public static ResponseBo warn(Object msg) {
ResponseBo ResponseBo = new ResponseBo();
ResponseBo.put("code", WARN);
ResponseBo.put("msg", msg);
return ResponseBo;
}
public static ResponseBo ok(Object msg) {
ResponseBo ResponseBo = new ResponseBo();
ResponseBo.put("code", SUCCESS);
ResponseBo.put("msg", "成功");
ResponseBo.put("data", msg);
return ResponseBo;
}
public static ResponseBo ok() {
return new ResponseBo();
}
public static ResponseBo error() {
return ResponseBo.error("");
}
@Override
public ResponseBo put(String key, Object value) {
super.put(key, value);
return this;
}
}
4.单个字段参数校验
首先控制器类名需要加@Validated注解,然后直接在方法参数添加相应注解即可。
@Validated
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/interface/industry/")
public class IndustryController{
@PostMapping("demo1")
public ResponseBo demo1(@NotBlank(message = "行业名称不能为空") String name,
@NotNull(message = "行业状态不能为空") Integer status){
return ResponseBo.ok();
}
5.对象参数校验
首先实体类对象加入相应的注解,然后控制器方法对象前加入@Validated即可。
import javax.validation.constraints.Max;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotBlank;
@Table(name = "xxxxxxx")
public class Industry {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Integer iId;
@Column(name = "i_name")
@NotBlank(message = "行业名称不能为空")
@Max(value = 5,message = "最大值为5")
private String iName;
@Column(name = "i_status")
private Integer iStatus;
/** 手机号*/
// @NotBlank(message = "手机号不能为空")
// @Pattern(regexp = "^[1][3,4,5,6,7,8,9][0-9]{9}$", message = "手机号格式有误")
// private String mobile;
//set/get省略........
}
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/interface/industry/")
public class IndustryController{
@PostMapping("demo2")
public ResponseBo demo2(@Validated Industry industry){
//省略.........
return ResponseBo.ok();
}
}
6.JSON对象参数校验与对象一致
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/interface/industry/")
public class IndustryController{
@PostMapping("demo3")
public ResponseBo demo3(@RequestBody @Validated Industry industry){
//省略.........
return ResponseBo.ok();
}
}
7.定义捕获全局异常对象
注:可根据具体需要返回内容去修改
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Objects;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.validation.ConstraintViolation;
import javax.validation.ConstraintViolationException;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.ConstraintViolationImpl;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.validation.BindException;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.validation.FieldError;
import org.springframework.web.bind.MethodArgumentNotValidException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;
import xxx.xxxxx.common.domain.ResponseBo;
@RestControllerAdvice
public class ParamException{
/**
* 处理JSON对象请求校验捕获
* @param ex
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler({MethodArgumentNotValidException.class})
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
public ResponseBo handleMethodArgumentNotValidException(MethodArgumentNotValidException ex) {
BindingResult bindingResult = ex.getBindingResult();
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("参数校验失败:");
for (FieldError fieldError : bindingResult.getFieldErrors()) {
sb.append(fieldError.getField()).append(":").append(fieldError.getDefaultMessage()).append(", ");
}
String msg = sb.toString();
return ResponseBo.warn(msg);
}
/**
* 处理单个参数校验捕获
* @param ex
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler({ConstraintViolationException.class})
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
public ResponseBo handleConstraintViolationException(ConstraintViolationException ex) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("参数校验失败:");
for (ConstraintViolation<?> constraintViolation : ex.getConstraintViolations()) {
ConstraintViolationImpl<?> cvi=(ConstraintViolationImpl<?>)constraintViolation;
sb.append(cvi.getPropertyPath()).append(":").append(cvi.getMessageTemplate());
}
return ResponseBo.warn(sb.toString());
}
/**
* 处理普通对象参数校验捕获
*/
@ExceptionHandler(BindException.class)
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
public ResponseBo bindException(BindException ex, HttpServletRequest request) {
try {
// 拿到@NotNull,@NotBlank和 @NotEmpty等注解上的message值
String msg = Objects.requireNonNull(ex.getBindingResult().getFieldError()).getDefaultMessage();
if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(msg)) {
// 自定义状态返回
return ResponseBo.warn(msg);
}
} catch (Exception ignored) {
return ResponseBo.error();
}
// 参数类型不匹配检验
StringBuilder msg = new StringBuilder();
List<FieldError> fieldErrors = ex.getFieldErrors();
fieldErrors.forEach((oe) ->
msg.append("参数:[").append(oe.getObjectName())
.append(".").append(oe.getField())
.append("]的传入值:[").append(oe.getRejectedValue()).append("]与预期的字段类型不匹配.")
);
return ResponseBo.warn(msg.toString());
}
}
8.postman测试