面试中经常会问到水平垂直居中布局的方法,下面我们来说说有那几种方法。
分两种情况:
一、定宽高
1.绝对定位和负margin值
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
.box{
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid #000;
position: relative;
}
.child-box{
position: absolute;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background: paleturquoise;
left: 50%;
top: 50%;
margin-left: -50px;
margin-top: -50px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<div class="child-box"></div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
2.绝对定位+transform
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
.box{
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid #000;
position: relative;
}
.child-box{
position: absolute;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background: paleturquoise;
left: 50%;
top: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%,-50%);
/* margin-left: -50px;
margin-top: -50px; */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<div class="child-box"></div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
3.绝对定位+left/top/bottom/right+margin
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
.box{
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid #000;
position: relative;
}
.child-box{
position: absolute;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background: paleturquoise;
left: 0;
top: 0;
bottom: 0;
right: 0;
display: inline-block;
margin: auto;
/* transform: translate(-50%,-50%); */
/* margin-left: -50px;
margin-top: -50px; */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<div class="child-box"></div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
4.flex布局
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
.box{
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid #000;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
/* position: relative; */
}
.child-box{
/* position: absolute; */
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background: paleturquoise;
/* left: 0;
top: 0;
bottom: 0;
right: 0;
display: inline-block;
margin: auto; */
/* transform: translate(-50%,-50%); */
/* margin-left: -50px;
margin-top: -50px; */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<div class="child-box"></div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
二、不定宽高
1.绝对定位+transform
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
.box{
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid #000;
position: relative;
}
.child-box{
position: absolute;
background: paleturquoise;
left: 50%;
top: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%,-50%);
/* margin-left: -50px;
margin-top: -50px; */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<div class="child-box">水平垂直居中</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
2.table-cell
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
.box{
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid #000;
display: table-cell;
text-align: center;
vertical-align: middle;
/* position: relative; */
}
.child-box{
/* position: absolute; */
background: paleturquoise;
display: inline-block;
/* left: 50%;
top: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%,-50%); */
/* margin-left: -50px;
margin-top: -50px; */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<div class="child-box">水平垂直居中</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
3.flex布局
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
.box{
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid #000;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
/* position: relative; */
}
.child-box{
/* position: absolute; */
background: paleturquoise;
/* display: inline-block; */
/* left: 50%;
top: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%,-50%); */
/* margin-left: -50px;
margin-top: -50px; */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<div class="child-box">水平垂直居中</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
4.flex变异布局
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
.box{
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid #000;
display: flex;
/* position: relative; */
}
.child-box{
background: paleturquoise;
margin: auto;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<div class="child-box">水平垂直居中</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>