解决ImportError: cannot import name ‘soft_unicode‘ from ‘markupsafe‘

1.问题描述：

(flaskenv) E:\flaskProject\white>python manage.py runserver
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "E:\flaskProject\white\manage.py", line 9, in <module>
    import flask
  File "E:\flaskProject\flaskenv\lib\site-packages\flask\__init__.py", line 2, in <module>
    from .app import Flask as Flask
  File "E:\flaskProject\flaskenv\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 54, in <module>
    from .scaffold import _endpoint_from_view_func
  File "E:\flaskProject\flaskenv\lib\site-packages\flask\scaffold.py", line 13, in <module>
    from jinja2 import FileSystemLoader
  File "E:\flaskProject\flaskenv\lib\site-packages\jinja2\__init__.py", line 12, in <module>
  File "E:\flaskProject\flaskenv\lib\site-packages\jinja2\defaults.py", line 3, in <module>
    from .filters import FILTERS as DEFAULT_FILTERS  # noqa: F401
  File "E:\flaskProject\flaskenv\lib\site-packages\jinja2\filters.py", line 13, in <module>
    from markupsafe import soft_unicode
ImportError: cannot import name 'soft_unicode' from 'markupsafe' (E:\flaskProject\flaskenv\lib\site-packages\markupsafe\__init__.py)

2.查看该库是否安装

(flaskenv) E:\flaskProject\white>pip show markupsafe
Name: MarkupSafe
Version: 2.1.3                                           
Summary: Safely add untrusted strings to HTML/XML markup.
Home-page: https://palletsprojects.com/p/markupsafe/     
Author:                                                  
Author-email:                                            
License: BSD-3-Clause                                    
Location: e:\flaskproject\flaskenv\lib\site-packages
Requires:
Required-by: Jinja2, Mako, Werkzeug, WTForms

3.重装：

python -m pip install markupsafe==2.1.2
python -m pip install markupsafe==2.1.3

这个操作相当于先卸载2.1.3装2.1.2，然后再卸载2.1.2重装2.1.3
不过在测试时依旧不行，于是我装了2.0.1版本，发现可以了

4. python -m pip install markupsafe==2.0.1

(flaskenv) E:\flaskProject\white>python -m pip install markupsafe==2.0.1
Looking in indexes: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
Collecting markupsafe==2.0.1
  Using cached https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/5b/db/49785acd523bd5eef83d0e21594eec1c2d7d45afc473dcc85037243de673/MarkupSafe-2.0.1-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl (14 kB)
Installing collected packages: markupsafe
  Attempting uninstall: markupsafe
    Found existing installation: MarkupSafe 2.1.3
    Uninstalling MarkupSafe-2.1.3:
      Successfully uninstalled MarkupSafe-2.1.3
ERROR: pip's dependency resolver does not currently take into account all the packages that are installed. This behaviour is the source of the following dependency conflicts.
werkzeug 2.3.6 requires MarkupSafe>=2.1.1, but you have markupsafe 2.0.1 which is incompatible.
Successfully installed markupsafe-2.0.1

[notice] A new release of pip is available: 23.2 -> 23.2.1
[notice] To update, run: python.exe -m pip install --upgrade pip

此时flask项目可以正常运行了