Statement对象详解

jdbc中的statement对象用于向数据库发送SQL语句，想完成对数据库的增删改查，只需要通过这个对象向数据库发送增删改查语句即可。

使用executeUpdate（String sql）方法完成数据添加操作，示例操作：(增)

Statement st = conn.createStatement();
String sql = "insert into user(...) values(....)";
int num = st.executeUpdate(sql);
if(num>0){
	System.out.println("插入成功！");
}

使用executeUpdate(String sql)方法完成数据删除操作:（删）

Statement st = conn.createStatement();
String sql = "delete from user where id = 1";
int num = st.executeUpdate(sql);
if(num>0){
	System.out.println("删除成功！");
}

使用executeUpdate(String sql)方法完成数据修改操作:（改）

Statement st = conn.createStatement();
String sql = "update user set name = '' where name = '' ";
int num = st.executeUpdate(sql);
if(num>0){
	System.out.println("修改成功！");
}

使用executeQuery(String sql)方法完成数据库查询操作:（查）

Statement st = conn.createStatement();
String sql = " select * from user where id = 1 ";
int num = st.executeQuery(sql);
while(rs.next()){
    System.out.println(rs.getString("NAME"));
}

代码实现

新建db,properties文件，存放连接数据库所用参数:

db.properties文件内容：

driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jdbcstudy?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=true
username=root
password=991123

新建工具类，写有连接数据库使用的代码，方便其他类调用:

jdbcUtils.java

package lesson01.utils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.Properties;

public class JdbcUtils {
    //提升作用域
    private static String driver = null;
    private static String url = null;
    private static String username = null;
    private static String password = null;
    static {
        try{
            InputStream in = JdbcUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("db.properties");
            Properties properties = new Properties();
            properties.load(in);

            driver = properties.getProperty("driver");
            url = properties.getProperty("url");
            username = properties.getProperty("username");
            password = properties.getProperty("password");

            //1.驱动只用加载一次
            Class.forName(driver);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    //获取连接资源
    public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
        return DriverManager.getConnection(url,username,password);
    }
    //释放连接资源
    public static void release(Connection conn, Statement st, ResultSet rs){
        if (rs!=null){
            try {
                rs.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        if (st!=null){
            try {
                st.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        if (conn!=null){
            try {
                conn.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

测试增删改查
增：

package lesson01.utils;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class TestInsert {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Connection conn = null;
        Statement st = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection(); //获取数据库连接
            st = conn.createStatement(); //获取SQL的执行对象
            String sql = "INSERT INTO users(id,`NAME`,`PASSWORD`,`email`,`birthday`)" +
                    "VALUES(4,'chongqing','991123','1812840770@qq.com','1999-11-23')";
            int i = st.executeUpdate(sql);
            if (i>0){
                System.out.println("插入成功！");
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            JdbcUtils.release(conn, st, rs);
        }
    }
}

删：

package lesson01.utils;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class TestDelete {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Connection conn = null;
        Statement st = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection(); //获取数据库连接
            st = conn.createStatement(); //获取SQL的执行对象
            String sql = "DELETE FROM users WHERE id=4";
            int i = st.executeUpdate(sql);
            if (i>0){
                System.out.println("删除成功！");
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            JdbcUtils.release(conn, st, rs);
        }
    }
}

改：

package lesson01.utils;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class TestUpdate {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Connection conn = null;
        Statement st = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection(); //获取数据库连接
            st = conn.createStatement(); //获取SQL的执行对象
            String sql = "UPDATE users SET `NAME`='chongqing',`email`='1812840770@qq.com' WHERE id=1";
            int i = st.executeUpdate(sql);
            if (i>0){
                System.out.println("更新成功！");
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            JdbcUtils.release(conn, st, rs);
        }
    }
}

查：

package lesson01.utils;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class TestSelect {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Connection conn = null;
        Statement st = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = JdbcUtils.getConnection(); //获取数据库连接
            st = conn.createStatement(); //获取SQL的执行对象
            String sql = "select * from users where id = 1";
            rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
            while (rs.next()){
                System.out.println(rs.getString("NAME"));
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            JdbcUtils.release(conn, st, rs);
        }
    }
}