http服务的使用

例题：

1、

主机名为www.yinchuan.com的主机提供web服务，内容为This is 银川 ，网站内容存放在/www/yc目录。

2、

主机名为www.zhongwei.com提供web服务，内容为This is 中卫 ，网站内容存放在/www/zw目录。

1、查看yum仓库

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ll
总用量 8
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 358 6月   9 06:40 redhat.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 130 6月   9 08:47 yum.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat yum.repo 
[baseos]
name=baseos
baseurl=file:///mnt/BaseOS
gpgcheck=0
[appStream]
name=appstream
baseurl=file:///mnt/AppStream
gpgcheck=0
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# 

2、挂载文件

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt
mount: /mnt: /dev/sr0 already mounted on /mnt.

3、装httpd的包

[root@localhost ~]# dnf install httpd -y
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
baseos                                                   131 kB/s | 2.8 kB     00:00    
appstream                                                3.1 MB/s | 3.2 kB     00:00    
软件包 httpd-2.4.37-16.module+el8.1.0+4134+e6bad0ed.x86_64 已安装。
依赖关系解决。
无需任何处理。
完毕！
[root@localhost ~]# 

4、创建文件存放目录

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /www/{yc,zw} -p
[root@localhost ~]# tree /www
/www
├── yc
│   └── index.html
└── zw
    └── index.html

2 directories, 2 files

5、查看接口 、添加IP地址、激活接口、查看IP是否生效

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli connection show
NAME        UUID                                  TYPE      DEVICE     
ens160      91653ab2-a899-447b-ae68-1d9ec7665f02  ethernet  ens160     
virbr0      a1d123b5-f05f-4dce-b83f-7e2553cd3c98  bridge    virbr0     
virbr0-nic  e81e5717-845f-481f-915f-bee4f1876e90  tun       virbr0-nic 
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli connection modify ens160 ipv4.addresses 192.168.8.138/24
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli connection up ens160 
连接已成功激活（D-Bus 活动路径：/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/7）
[root@localhost ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:3e:91:8b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.8.137/24 brd 192.168.8.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens160
       valid_lft 1758sec preferred_lft 1758sec
    inet 192.168.8.138/24 brd 192.168.8.255 scope global secondary noprefixroute ens160
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::6626:264a:6866:ad5f/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:15:b7:de brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: virbr0-nic: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:15:b7:de brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

6、写配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost.conf

配置内容：

<directory "www">
        allowoverride none
        require all granted
</directory>

<virtualhost  192.168.8.137:80 >
        documentroot "/www/yc"
        servername 192.168.8.137
        errorlog "/var/log/httpd/erro137.log"
        customlog  "/var/log/httpd/access137.log" common
</virtualhost>
<virtualhost 192.168.8.138:80 >
        documentroot "/www/zw"
        servername 192.168.8.138
        errorlog "/var/log/httpd/erro138.log"
        customlog  "/var/log/httpd/access138.log" common
</virtualhost>

8、写入文件内容

[root@localhost ~]# echo This is 银川 > /www/yc/index.html
[root@localhost ~]# echo This is 中卫 > /www/zw/index.html

7、关闭防火墙、重启服务、未知命令

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0

8、查看实验结果

3、

为主机名为www.ningxia.com的主机提供web服务，内容为“欢迎来到宁夏！”网站内容存放在/www/nx目录，该服务使用9090端口，该站点提供简单的用户名密码认证服务，可以对两个用户提供私密内容，一个是zhangsan用户，一个是lisi用户，密码任意，而私密内容保存在/www/simi/目录下。

1、添加IP步骤创建目录步骤同上：（注意接口）

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli connection show
NAME        UUID                                  TYPE      DEVICE     
ens160      91653ab2-a899-447b-ae68-1d9ec7665f02  ethernet  ens160     
virbr0      a1d123b5-f05f-4dce-b83f-7e2553cd3c98  bridge    virbr0     
virbr0-nic  e81e5717-845f-481f-915f-bee4f1876e90  tun       virbr0-nic 
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli connection modify virbr0 ipv4.addresses 192.168.8.139/24
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli connection up virbr0
连接已成功激活（master waiting for slaves）（D-Bus 活动路径：/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/10）
[root@localhost ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:3e:91:8b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.8.137/24 brd 192.168.8.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens160
       valid_lft 1848sec preferred_lft 1848sec
    inet 192.168.8.138/24 brd 192.168.8.255 scope global secondary noprefixroute ens160
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::6626:264a:6866:ad5f/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.8.139/24 brd 192.168.8.255 scope global noprefixroute virbr0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: virbr0-nic: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state DOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:15:b7:de brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /www/{nx,simi} -p
[root@localhost ~]# tree /www
/www
├── nx
├── simi
├── yc
│   └── index.html
└── zw
    └── index.html

4 directories, 2 files
[root@localhost ~]# 

2、写配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost.conf

配置内容：

<directory "www">
        allowoverride none
        require all granted
</directory>

listen 9090

<virtualhost  192.168.8.137:80 >
        documentroot "/www/yc"
        servername www.yinchuan.com
        errorlog "/var/log/httpd/erroyinchuan.log"
        customlog  "/var/log/httpd/accessyinchuan.log" common
</virtualhost>
<virtualhost 192.168.8.138:80 >
        documentroot "/www/zw"
        servername www.zhongwei.com
        errorlog "/var/log/httpd/errozhongwei.log"
        customlog  "/var/log/httpd/accesszhongwei.log" common
</virtualhost>
<directory "/www/simi">
        authtype basic
        authname "this is a private directory , please login:"
        authuserfile /etc/httpd/zhanghao
        require user zhangsan lisi
</directory>

<directory "/www">
        allowoverride none
        require all granted
</directory>

<virtualhost 192.168.8.139:9090 >
        documentroot "/www/nx"
        alias /simi "/www/simi"
        servername www.ningxia.com
        errorlog "/var/log/httpd/erroningxia.log"
        customlog  "/var/log/httpd/accessningxia.log" common
</virtualhost>

3、创建私密用户访问登录密码及私密内容

[root@localhost ~]# htpasswd -c /etc/httpd/zhanghao zhangsan
New password: 
Re-type new password: 
Adding password for user zhangsan
[root@localhost ~]# htpasswd -c /etc/httpd/zhanghao lisi
New password: 
Re-type new password: 
Adding password for user lisi
[root@localhost ~]# cd /www/simi
[root@localhost simi]# cat index.html 
滚开
[root@localhost simi]# echo 欢迎来到宁夏 > /www/nx/index.html

4、修改dns解析

5、查看实验结果