7.类组合

1. 以另一个类的对象为数据成员

    

   1. 构造函数的写法，必须采用初始化参数列表的写法

   2. #include<iostream>
      #include <string>
      using namespace std;
      
      class Hero {
      public:
      	Hero(string name="", int level=0) :name(name), level(level) {}
      	void print() {
      		cout << name << " " << level << endl;
      	}
      
      protected:
      	string name;
      	int level;
      private:
      	void printData() {
      		cout << "类外无法调用" <<endl;
      	}
      };
      
      class Heroine {
      public:
      
      	Heroine(string name, int level,string mname, int mlevel) :hero(mname, mlevel) {
      		this->name = name;
      		this->level = level;
      	}
      	Heroine(string name, int level) :hero("盖伦",18) {
      		this->name = name;
      		this->level = level;
      	}
      	void print() {
      		hero.print();
      		//hero.printData();//类外无法调用
      		cout << name << " " << level << endl;
      	}
      protected:
      	string name;
      	int level;
      	Hero hero;
      private:
      
      };
      
      int main() {
      	Heroine heroine1("辛德拉", 17,"赵信",16);
      	heroine1.print();
      	Heroine heroine2("雷欧娜", 17);
      	heroine2.print();
      	return 0;
      }

2. 类的组合构造顺序问题

   1.  构造顺序只和定义对象顺序的有关，和初始化参数列表无参

   2. #include<iostream>
      #include <string>
      using namespace std;
      class A {
      public:
      	A(string str="") :str(str) {
      		cout << str << " ";
      	}
      	void print() {
      		cout << str << " ";
      	}
      protected:
      	string str;
      private:
      };
      class B {
      public:
      	B(string str="") :str(str) {
      		cout << str << " ";
      	}
      	void print() {
      		cout << str << " ";
      	}
      protected:
      	string str;
      private:
      };
      class C {
      public:
      	C(string str="") :str(str) {
      		cout << str << " ";
      	}
      	void print() {
      		cout << str << " ";
      	}
      protected:
      	string str;
      private:
      };
      class D {
      public:
      	D(string Astr, string Bstr, string Cstr) :a(Astr),b(Bstr),c(Cstr){}
      	void print() {
      		cout << "D" << " ";
      	}
      protected:
      	C c;
      	A a;
      	B b;
      private:
      };
      int main() {
      	D d("A", "B", "C");
      	d.print();
      	return 0;
      }

3. 类中类

   • 依旧受权限限定

   • 访问方式，需要类名限定

   • #include<iostream>
     #include <string>
     using namespace std;
     
     struct Node 
     {
     	Node(int data=0) :data(data) {
     		this->next = nullptr;
     	}
     	int data;
     	Node* next;
     };
     
     class List
     {
     public:
     	List() {
     		pList = nullptr;
     	}
     	List(int data) {
     		pList = new Node;
     		if (pList==nullptr)
     		{
     			cout << "内存申请失败" << endl;
     		}
     		pList->data = data;
     		pList = nullptr;
     	}
     	~List()
     	{
     		delete pList;
     		pList = nullptr;
     	}
     	void insertHead(int data)
     	{
     		if (pList==nullptr)
     		{
     			Node* pNewNode = new Node(data);
     			pList = pNewNode;
     		}
     		else
     		{
     			Node* pNewNode = new Node(data);
     			pNewNode->next = pList;
     			pList = pNewNode;
     		}
     	}
     	//类中类
     	//迭代器-->类模仿指针行为
     	class iterator {
     	public:
     		iterator() {
     			pMove = nullptr;
     		}
     		iterator(Node* pMove) :pMove(pMove) {
     
     		}
     		void operator=(Node* pMove) {
     			this->pMove = pMove;
     		}
     		bool operator!=(Node* pMove) {
     			return this->pMove != pMove;
     		}
     		iterator operator++(int) {
     			pMove = pMove->next;
     			return iterator(pMove);
     		}
     		Node*& operator&() {
     			return pMove;
     		}
     
     	protected:
     		Node* pMove;
     
     	private:
     
     	};
     	Node* begin()
     	{
     		return pList;
     	}
     	Node* end()
     	{
     		return nullptr;
     	}
     
     protected:
     	Node* pList;
     private:
     };
     
     int main() {
     	List list;
     	for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
     	{
     		list.insertHead(i);
     	}
     	List::iterator iter;
     	for (iter=list.begin();iter!=list.end();iter++)
     	{
     		cout << (&iter)->data << " ";
     	}
     	return 0;
     }