目录
在tomcat的catalina.jar和servlet-api.jar源码中使用了责任链模式,本文以该源码的简化版为例介绍。模拟客户端请求过滤处理和响应原理。
Request和Response
先定义请求Request和Response实体类,如下:
/**
* Created by leboop on 2020/5/25.
*/
public class Request {
String param;
public Request() {
}
public Request(String param) {
this.param = param;
}
public String getParam() {
return param;
}
public void setParam(String param) {
this.param = param;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "MyRequest{" +
"param='" + param + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
Request只有一个属性param,表示请求的参数。
/**
* Created by leboop on 2020/5/25.
*/
public class Response {
String data="";
public Response() {
}
public Response(String data) {
this.data = data;
}
public String getData() {
return data;
}
public void setData(String data) {
this.data = data;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "MyResponse{" +
"data='" + data + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
Response类中也只有一个属性data,表示响应的数据。
Filter
有个Request和Response实体类后,下面定义一个Filter接口,用于抽象对请求的过滤,如下:
/**
* Created by leboop on 2020/5/25.
*/
public interface Filter {
void doFilter(Request request, Response response, FilterChain filterChain);
}
Filter接口中只有一个过滤方法doFilter,Filter接口为各种不同的Filter类定义了一个框架。对于具体的Filter类实现该接口,并在doFilter方法中实现具体过滤逻辑。需要注意的是doFilter方法中除了需要处理的request和response对象外,还有filterChain对象,后面我们会看到,它的作用有两个:
(1)作为具体filter类之间的传递作用;
(2)保存多个顺序的filter,形成一条件filter链;
下面我们定义两个具体的Filter,一个是ParamFilter,用于模拟参数处理,另一个是LogFilter,用于模拟日志记录。如下:
/**
* Created by leboop on 2020/5/25.
*/
public class ParamFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void doFilter(Request request, Response response, FilterChain filterChain) {
String param=request.getParam();
if("prefix".equals(param)){
response.setData("prefix"+response.getData());
}
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
ParamFilter处理的逻辑是:如果请求request的参数param是prefix,那么就在响应response的数据data前添加prefix字符串。
/**
* Created by leboop on 2020/5/25.
*/
public class LogFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void doFilter(Request request, Response response, FilterChain filterChain) {
// 当前filter处理逻辑:在response后追加.log
String data = response.getData();
if (data.startsWith("prefix")) {
response.setData(data + ".log");
}
// 进入下一个filter处理
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
LogFilter的处理逻辑是:如果响应的data以prefix开头,就在data的结尾添加.log字符串。注意filterChain.doFilter(request, response);在这里的作用就是从当前Filter转入到下一个Filter。
FilterChain
有了Filter的后,我们需要FilterChain来管理这些Filter,FilterChain接口如下:
/**
* Created by leboop on 2020/5/25.
*/
public interface FilterChain{
void doFilter(Request request, Response response);
}
/**
* Created by leboop on 2020/5/25.
*/
public final class AppFilterChain implements FilterChain {
// filterchain中当前filter的索引
private int pos = 0;
// filterchain中filter数量
private int n = 0;
// AppFilterConfig是filter的简单封装,可以看成是filter数组
private Filter[] filters = new Filter[0];
@Override
public void doFilter(Request request, Response response) {
if(this.pos < this.n) {
Filter filter = this.filters[this.pos++];
System.out.println(
"start filter:"+filter.getClass().getSimpleName());
filter.doFilter(request, response, this);
}else {
System.out.println("FilterChain is finished");
}
}
public AppFilterChain addFilter(Filter filter) {
Filter[] newFilters = this.filters;
int len$ = newFilters.length;
// 检查filter是否已经存在,如果存在不添加,直接返回
for(int i$ = 0; i$ < len$; ++i$) {
Filter f = newFilters[i$];
if(f == filter) {
return this;
}
}
// 检查原有的filter数组是否可以存下新增的filter,如果不行,进行扩容,每次扩容增加10个
if(this.n == this.filters.length) {
newFilters = new Filter[this.n + 10];
System.arraycopy(this.filters, 0, newFilters, 0, this.n);
this.filters = newFilters;
}
this.filters[this.n++] = filter;
return this;
}
}
上面定义了FilterChain接口的具体实现类AppFilterChain。AppFilterChain具体管理Filter,可以向AppFilterChain中添加Filter。
Main
有了前面的这些基础,下面就可以在客户端使用它们了,代码如下:
/**
* Created by leboop on 2020/5/25.
*/
public class ChainResponsibilityMain {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Request request = new Request("prefix");
Response response=new Response();
// 初始化两个filter
Filter logFilter=new LogFilter();
Filter paramFilter=new ParamFilter();
// 初始化filterchain
AppFilterChain filterChain=new AppFilterChain();
filterChain.addFilter(paramFilter).addFilter(logFilter);
filterChain.doFilter(request,response);
System.out.println(response.getData());
}
}
代码中创建了request和response对象,然后创建了两个过滤器,分别是LogFilter和ParamFilter,最后创建一个FilterChain,将两个Filter添加进去,并调用doFilter方法。最终程序输出如下:
start filter:ParamFilter
start filter:LogFilter
FilterChain is finished
prefix.log