有效处理Fragment中WebView返回键问题

BackHandledFragment

import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import androidx.viewpager.widget.ViewPager;

public abstract class BackHandledFragment extends Fragment implements FragmentBackHandler {

    public BackHandledFragment() {
    }

    @Override
    public final boolean onBackPressed() {
        return interceptBackPressed()
                || (getBackHandleViewPager() == null
                ? BackHandlerHelper.handleBackPress(this)
                : BackHandlerHelper.handleBackPress(getBackHandleViewPager()));
    }

    public boolean interceptBackPressed() {
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * 2.1 版本已经不在需要单独对ViewPager处理
     * @deprecated
     */
    @Deprecated
    public ViewPager getBackHandleViewPager() {
        return null;
    }

}

BackHandlerHelper

import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentActivity;
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager;
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentPagerAdapter;
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentStatePagerAdapter;
import androidx.viewpager.widget.PagerAdapter;
import androidx.viewpager.widget.ViewPager;
import java.util.List;

public class BackHandlerHelper {

    /**
     * 将back事件分发给 FragmentManager 中管理的子Fragment，如果该 FragmentManager 中的所有Fragment都
     * 没有处理back事件，则尝试 FragmentManager.popBackStack()
     *
     * @return 如果处理了back键则返回 <b>true</b>
     * @see #handleBackPress(Fragment)
     * @see #handleBackPress(FragmentActivity)
     */
    public static boolean handleBackPress(FragmentManager fragmentManager) {
        List<Fragment> fragments = fragmentManager.getFragments();

        if (fragments == null) return false;

        for (int i = fragments.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
            Fragment child = fragments.get(i);

            if (isFragmentBackHandled(child)) {
                return true;
            }
        }

        if (fragmentManager.getBackStackEntryCount() > 0) {
            fragmentManager.popBackStack();
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * 将back事件分发给Fragment中的子Fragment,
     * 该方法调用了 {@link #handleBackPress(FragmentManager)}
     *
     * @return 如果处理了back键则返回 <b>true</b>
     */
    public static boolean handleBackPress(Fragment fragment) {
        return handleBackPress(fragment.getChildFragmentManager());
    }

    /**
     * 将back事件分发给Activity中的子Fragment,
     * 该方法调用了 {@link #handleBackPress(FragmentManager)}
     *
     * @return 如果处理了back键则返回 <b>true</b>
     */
    public static boolean handleBackPress(FragmentActivity fragmentActivity) {
        return handleBackPress(fragmentActivity.getSupportFragmentManager());
    }

    /**
     * 将back事件分发给ViewPager中的Fragment,{@link #handleBackPress(FragmentManager)} 已经实现了对ViewPager的支持，所以自行决定是否使用该方法
     *
     * @return 如果处理了back键则返回 <b>true</b>
     * @see #handleBackPress(FragmentManager)
     * @see #handleBackPress(Fragment)
     * @see #handleBackPress(FragmentActivity)
     */
    public static boolean handleBackPress(ViewPager viewPager) {
        if (viewPager == null) return false;

        PagerAdapter adapter = viewPager.getAdapter();

        if (adapter == null) return false;

        int currentItem = viewPager.getCurrentItem();
        Fragment fragment;
        if (adapter instanceof FragmentPagerAdapter) {
            fragment = ((FragmentPagerAdapter) adapter).getItem(currentItem);
        } else if (adapter instanceof FragmentStatePagerAdapter) {
            fragment = ((FragmentStatePagerAdapter) adapter).getItem(currentItem);
        } else {
            fragment = null;
        }
        return isFragmentBackHandled(fragment);
    }

    /**
     * 判断Fragment是否处理了Back键
     *
     * @return 如果处理了back键则返回 <b>true</b>
     */
    public static boolean isFragmentBackHandled(Fragment fragment) {
        return fragment != null
                && fragment.isVisible()
                && fragment.getUserVisibleHint() //for ViewPager
                && fragment instanceof FragmentBackHandler
                && ((FragmentBackHandler) fragment).onBackPressed();
    }
}

FragmentBackHandler

public interface FragmentBackHandler {
    boolean onBackPressed();
}

使用方法：
1、 在Activity中覆盖onBackPressed()方法

public class MyActivity extends FragmentActivity {
    @Override
    public void onBackPressed() {
        if (!BackHandlerHelper.handleBackPress(this)) {
            super.onBackPressed();
        }
    }
}

2、实现 FragmentBackHandler

public class MyFragment extends Fragment implements FragmentBackHandler {
    @Override
    public boolean onBackPressed() {
        if (handleBackPressed) {
            //外理返回键
            return true;
        } else {
            // 如果不包含子Fragment
            // 或子Fragment没有外理back需求
            // 可如直接 return false;
            // 注：如果Fragment/Activity 中可以使用ViewPager 代替 this
            //
            return BackHandlerHelper.handleBackPress(this);
        }
    }
}

注：
改代码是在https://github.com/ikidou/FragmentBackHandler基础上进行兼容Android X和适配Android Q。