tomcat学习笔记(二) 模拟一个简单的servlet容器

        在上一章中模拟了一个简单的web server,但是这个web server只能访问静态资源,这章将模拟一个简单的servlet容器,可以访问servlet。

        直接看代码。

        HttpServer:

       

package com.serveletcontainer;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class HttpServer {
	private static final String SHUTDOWN_COMMAND = "/SHUTDOWN";
	private boolean shutdown = false;
	public static void main(String []args){
		HttpServer server = new HttpServer();
		server.await();
	}
	public void await(){
		ServerSocket serverSocket = null;
		int port = 8080;
		try{
			serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port,1,InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"));
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
			System.exit(1);
		}
		while(!shutdown){
			Socket socket = null;
			InputStream in = null;
			OutputStream out = null;
			try {
				socket = serverSocket.accept();
				in = socket.getInputStream();
				out = socket.getOutputStream();
				Request request = new Request(in);
				request.parse();
				Response response = new Response(out);
				response.setRequest(request);
				
				if(request.getUri().startsWith("/servlet/")){
					ServletProcessor processor = new ServletProcessor();
					processor.process(request, response);
				}else{
					StaticResourceProcessor processor = new StaticResourceProcessor();
					processor.process(request, response);
				}
//				response.sendStaticResource();
				socket.close();
				shutdown = request.getUri().equals("SHUTDOWN_COMMAND");
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
				continue;
			}
		}
	}
}
        这个HttpServer和上一次只有一点区别,就是加了一个判断,如果URL访问的是servlet,就调用ServletProcessor类的process方法,如果是静态资源,就调用StaticResourceProcessor类的方法处理,后面就会看到StaticResourceProcessor类的处理过程和上一章讲的处理静态资源的过程一样。

        PrimitiveServlet:

       

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.Servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

public class PrimitiveServlet implements Servlet{

	@Override
	public void destroy() {
		System.out.println("destory");
	}

	@Override
	public ServletConfig getServletConfig() {
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getServletInfo() {
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public void init(ServletConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
		System.out.println("init");
	}

	@Override
	public void service(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		System.out.println("from Service");
		PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
		out.println("Hello.Roses are red.");
		out.println("Violets are blue");
	}

}

         这个Servlet很简单,向页面输出两句话。

         由于Servlet的service方法的参数是javax.servlet.ServletRequest和javax.servlet.ServletResponse类型的,因此前一章中用到的request和response对象要实现此接口,才能将两个参数传到servlet的service方法中。下面看一下request和response的代码:

          Request.java:

        

package com.serveletcontainer;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletInputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;

public class Request implements ServletRequest{

	private InputStream input;
	private String uri;
	public Request(InputStream input){
		this.input = input;
	}
	public void parse(){
		StringBuffer request = new StringBuffer(2048);
		int i;
		byte [] buffer = new byte[2048];
		try{
			i = input.read(buffer);
		}catch(IOException e){
			e.printStackTrace();
			i = -1;
		}
		for(int j=0;j<i;j++){
			request.append((char)buffer[j]);
		}
		System.out.println(request.toString());
		uri = parseUri(request.toString());
	}
	private String parseUri(String requestString){
		int index1,index2;
		index1 = requestString.indexOf(' ');
		if(index1 != -1){
			index2 = requestString.indexOf(' ', index1+1);
			if(index2 > index1){
				return requestString.substring(index1+1,index2);
			}
		}
		return null;
	}
	public String getUri(){
		return uri;
	}
	
	@Override
	public Object getAttribute(String arg0) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Enumeration getAttributeNames() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getCharacterEncoding() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public int getContentLength() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 0;
	}

	@Override
	public String getContentType() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public ServletInputStream getInputStream() throws IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getLocalAddr() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getLocalName() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public int getLocalPort() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 0;
	}

	@Override
	public Locale getLocale() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Enumeration getLocales() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getParameter(String arg0) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Map getParameterMap() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Enumeration getParameterNames() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String[] getParameterValues(String arg0) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getProtocol() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public BufferedReader getReader() throws IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getRealPath(String arg0) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getRemoteAddr() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getRemoteHost() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public int getRemotePort() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 0;
	}

	@Override
	public RequestDispatcher getRequestDispatcher(String arg0) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getScheme() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getServerName() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public int getServerPort() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 0;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isSecure() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return false;
	}

	@Override
	public void removeAttribute(String arg0) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setAttribute(String arg0, Object arg1) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setCharacterEncoding(String arg0)
			throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

}

          原来的方法还保留。新的方法默认就行,现在用不到,这里实现 javax.servlet.Request接口只是为了能够传参,便于模拟。

          Response.java:

          package com.serveletcontainer;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Locale;

import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

public class Response implements ServletResponse{

    private static final int BUFFER_SIZE=1024;
    Request request;
    OutputStream out;
    PrintWriter writer;
    public Response(OutputStream out){
        this.out = out;
    }
    public void setRequest(Request request){
        this.request = request;
    }
    public void sendStaticResource() throws IOException{
        byte []bytes = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
        FileInputStream fis = null;
        try{
            File file = new File(Constants.WEB_ROOT,request.getUri());
            if(file.exists()){
                fis = new FileInputStream(file);
                int ch = fis.read(bytes, 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
                while(ch != -1){
                    out.write(bytes,0,ch);
                    ch = fis.read(bytes,0,BUFFER_SIZE);
                }
            }else{
                String errorMessage = "HTTP/1.1 404 File Not Found\n" +
                    "Content-Type:text/html\n" +
                    "Content-Length:23\n" +
                    "\n" +
                    "<h1>File not Found</h1>";
                out.write(errorMessage.getBytes());
            }
        }catch(Exception e){
            System.out.println(e.toString());
        }finally{
            if(fis != null)
                fis.close();
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    public void flushBuffer() throws IOException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        
    }

    @Override
    public int getBufferSize() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public String getCharacterEncoding() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public String getContentType() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Locale getLocale() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public PrintWriter getWriter() throws IOException {
        writer = new PrintWriter(out,true);
        return writer;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isCommitted() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public void reset() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        
    }

    @Override
    public void resetBuffer() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        
    }

    @Override
    public void setBufferSize(int arg0) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        
    }

    @Override
    public void setCharacterEncoding(String arg0) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        
    }

    @Override
    public void setContentLength(int arg0) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        
    }

    @Override
    public void setContentType(String arg0) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        
    }

    @Override
    public void setLocale(Locale arg0) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        
    }

}

         这里要注意一点,就是Response中实现了getWriter()方法,因为servlet中是使用response.getWrite()得到一个PrintWriter类来进行输出的,所以这里需要实现。可以看到这里是用new PriintWrite(out,true);来创建PrintWriter对象的,这个out其实就是socket.getOutputResponse得到的outputStream然后再传过来的,因此servlet中最后输出其实本质上还是socket的输出流输出的,这个和上一章讲的输出是一样的,这样就理解了为什么servlet中写个输出就能输出到页面上了。

         ServletProcessor:

        

package com.serveletcontainer;

import java.io.File;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLClassLoader;
import java.net.URLStreamHandler;

import javax.servlet.Servlet;


public class ServletProcessor {
	public void process(Request request,Response response){
		String uri = request.getUri();
		String servletName = uri.substring(uri.lastIndexOf("/")+1);
		URLClassLoader loader = null;
		try{
			URL []urls = new URL[1];
			URLStreamHandler streamHandler = null;
			File classPath = new File(Constants.WEB_ROOT);
			String repository = (new URL("file",null,classPath.getCanonicalPath()+File.separator)).toString();
			urls[0] = new URL(null,repository,streamHandler);
			System.out.println("urls: " + urls[0].toString());
			loader = new URLClassLoader(urls);
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		Class myClass = null;
		try{
			myClass = loader.loadClass(servletName);
		}catch(ClassNotFoundException e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		Servlet servlet = null;
		try{
			servlet = (Servlet)myClass.newInstance();
			servlet.service(request, response);
		}catch(Exception e){
			System.out.println(e.toString());
		}
		catch(Throwable e){
			System.out.println(e.toString());
		}
	}
}

          这个类比较重要,是处理动态资源请求的核心类,但是其实也很简单,前面做了一大堆工作,其实就是创建了个ClassLoader,把请求的servlet加载到内存,用myClass.newInstance()方法创建一个servlet的对象,然后servlet.service来调用service方法。

           StaticResourceProcessor:

           

package com.serveletcontainer;

import java.io.IOException;

public class StaticResourceProcessor {
	public void process(Request request,Response response){
		try {
			((Response)response).sendStaticResource();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

          这个很简单,就是调用了response的sendStaticResource方法。

          Constants.java:

         

package com.serveletcontainer;

import java.io.File;

public class Constants {
	public static final String WEB_ROOT=System.getProperty("user.dir")+File.separator+"webRoot";
}

        将PrimitiveServlet编译后的class文件放到webRoot目录下,运行HttpServlet类,然后在浏览器上输入http://localhost:8080/servlet/PrimitiveServlet,就可以看到效果了。

        本章中的servlet container在每次请求的时候都会加载servlet并且实例化,这个在后面会做出优化。

        欢迎大家和我一起学习,讨论。

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