// virtual学习.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
class father
{
public:
father(){};
// 析构为纯虚函数,防止派生类析构不完整
virtual ~father() = default;
// 基类自定义构造函数
father(int Num)
:m_nNum(Num)
{
}
public:
void notVirtualFunc()
{
std::cout << "father not Virtual Func!" << std::endl;
}
virtual void VirtualFunc()
{
std::cout << "father Virtual Func!" << std::endl;
}
virtual void SonVirtualFunc() = 0;
private:
int m_nNum;
};
class son
:public father
{
public:
son(){};
~son(){};
son(int Num1, int Num2) :
father(Num1), m_nSonNum(Num2)
{
}
public:
void notVirtualFunc()
{
std::cout << "son not Virtual Func!" << std::endl;
}
void VirtualFunc()
{
std::cout << "son Virtual Func!" << std::endl;
}
void SonVirtualFunc()
{
std::cout << "son SonVirtual Func!" << std::endl;
}
int m_nSonNum;
};
class grandson final // 加final表示不可以被继承
:public son
{
public:
grandson(){};
~grandson(){};
// 派生类构造函数只初始化它的直接基类,即不能用father的构造函数初始化grandson
grandson(int Num1, int Num2, int Num3)
:son(Num1, Num2), m_nGrandsonNum(Num3)
{
}
public:
void notVirtualFunc()
{
std::cout << "grandson not Virtual Func!" << std::endl;
}
void VirtualFunc() override // 保证派生类重写基类函数
{
std::cout << "grandson Virtual Func!" << std::endl;
}
void SonVirtualFunc()
{
std::cout << "grandson SonVirtual Func!" << std::endl;
}
int m_nGrandsonNum;
};
void Print(father&f)
{
f.notVirtualFunc();
f.VirtualFunc();
f.SonVirtualFunc();
// 强调基类,回避虚函数的机制,只调用基类函数,不管子类动态绑定
f.father::VirtualFunc();
std::cout << std::endl;
}
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
// 含有纯虚函数时,相当于一个函数接口,不能创建实例
//father f;
son s(9, 8);
grandson g(1, 2, 3);
//Print(f);
// 发生动态绑定时,如果基类成员函数定义为virtual,则会调派生类的函数,对基类进行覆盖;否则直接继承父类函数,不进行改变
// 不管多少层继承,只要father基类定义的为非virtual,则所有子孙调用的都是基类的函数
// father 定义为virtual,son相同的函数定义为virtual或非virtual,grandson发生动态绑定时,所调用的函数为grandson自己的函数
Print(s);
Print(g);
system("pause");
return 0;
}
根据C++Primer学习,后续可能补充