PyQt5布局

框布局 Boxlayout

• 我们使用QHBoxLayout和QVBoxLayout，来分别创建横向布局和纵向布局。

def initUI(self):
        okButton = QPushButton("OK")
        cancelButton = QPushButton("Cancel")
        hbox = QHBoxLayout()
        hbox.addStretch(1)
        hbox.addWidget(okButton)
        hbox.addWidget(cancelButton)
        vbox = QVBoxLayout()
        vbox.addStretch(1)
        vbox.addLayout(hbox)
        self.setLayout(vbox)   
        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 300, 150)
        self.setWindowTitle('Buttons')    
        self.show()

• 可以把这两个按钮始终固定在窗口的右下角

表格布局

• 表格布局将空间划分为行和列。我们使用QGridLayout类创建一个网格布局。

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
Py40 PyQt5 tutorial 

In this example, we create a skeleton
of a calculator using a QGridLayout.

author: Jan Bodnar
website: py40.com 
last edited: January 2015
"""

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QGridLayout, 
    QPushButton, QApplication)


class Example(QWidget):
    
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        
        self.initUI()
        
        
    def initUI(self):
        
        grid = QGridLayout()
        self.setLayout(grid)
 
        names = ['Cls', 'Bck', '', 'Close',
                 '7', '8', '9', '/',
                '4', '5', '6', '*',
                 '1', '2', '3', '-',
                '0', '.', '=', '+']
        
        positions = [(i,j) for i in range(5) for j in range(4)]
        
        for position, name in zip(positions, names):
            
            if name == '':
                continue
            button = QPushButton(name)
            grid.addWidget(button, *position)
            
        self.move(300, 150)
        self.setWindowTitle('Calculator')
        self.show()
        
        
if __name__ == '__main__':
    
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

• 创建一个网格的按钮

grid = QGridLayout()
self.setLayout(grid)

• QGridLayout的实例被创建并设置应用程序窗口的布局。

names = ['Cls', 'Bck', '', 'Close',
            '7', '8', '9', '/',
        '4', '5', '6', '*',
            '1', '2', '3', '-',
        '0', '.', '=', '+']

• 这些按钮的标签

positions = [(i,j) for i in range(5) for j in range(4)]

• 我们创建一个网格中的位置的列表

for position, name in zip(positions, names):
    
    if name == '':
        continue
    button = QPushButton(name)
    grid.addWidget(button, *position)

评论的例子

• 控件可以在网格中跨越多个行或列。

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
Py40 PyQt5 tutorial 

In this example, we create a bit
more complicated window layout using
the QGridLayout manager. 

author: Jan Bodnar
website: py40.com 
last edited: January 2015
"""

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QLabel, QLineEdit, 
    QTextEdit, QGridLayout, QApplication)


class Example(QWidget):
    
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        
        self.initUI()
        
        
    def initUI(self):
        
        title = QLabel('Title')
        author = QLabel('Author')
        review = QLabel('Review')

        titleEdit = QLineEdit()
        authorEdit = QLineEdit()
        reviewEdit = QTextEdit()

        grid = QGridLayout()
        grid.setSpacing(10)

        grid.addWidget(title, 1, 0)
        grid.addWidget(titleEdit, 1, 1)

        grid.addWidget(author, 2, 0)
        grid.addWidget(authorEdit, 2, 1)

        grid.addWidget(review, 3, 0)
        grid.addWidget(reviewEdit, 3, 1, 5, 1)
        
        self.setLayout(grid) 
        
        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 350, 300)
        self.setWindowTitle('Review')    
        self.show()
        
        
if __name__ == '__main__':
    
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

• 创建的窗口，其中有三个标签，两个行编辑和一个文本编辑窗口小控件，然后使用QGridLayout完成布局。

grid = QGridLayout()
grid.setSpacing(10)

• 创建一个网格布局和设置组件之间的间距。

grid.addWidget(reviewEdit, 3, 1, 5, 1)

• 在添加一个小的控件到网格的时候，我们可以提供小部件的行和列跨，在上面的实例中，reviewEdit控件跨度5行