设计模式——原型模式

原型模式：用一个已经创建的实例作为原型，根本无须知道对象创建的细节，通过复制该原型对象来创建一个和原型相同或相似的新对象

知识点：
1.Cloneable接口/Object#clone方法 详解

      Cloneable是一个标记接口，需要和  Object.clone()配合使用；这是JAVA中实现对象拷贝必不可少的
2.浅拷贝/深拷贝

      浅拷贝：指拷贝对象时仅仅拷贝对象本身（包括对象中的基本变量），而不拷贝对象包含的引用指向的对象；

        深拷贝：不仅拷贝对象本身，而且拷贝对象包含的引用指向的所有对象

因此，当引用对象较多，或者存在嵌套引用的时候，实现起来较为复杂；因此可以考虑使用序列化机制实现。
3.序列化机制实现深拷贝

下面代码中展示了jvm和序列化两种实现深拷贝的方式

package com.tuling.designpattern.prototype;

import java.io.*;


public class PrototypeTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {

        BaseInfo baseInfo=new BaseInfo( "tuling" );
        Product product=new Product( "part1", "part2", "part3", "part4", baseInfo );

        Product clone=product.clone();
        System.out.println( "original: " + product );
        System.out.println( "clone:  " + clone );
        product.getBaseInfo().setCompanyName( "xxxx" );
        System.out.println( "original: " + product );
        System.out.println( "clone:  " + clone );
        
    }
}

class BaseInfo implements Cloneable, Serializable {
    private String companyName;

    public BaseInfo(String companyName) {
        this.companyName=companyName;
    }

    public String getCompanyName() {
        return companyName;
    }

    public void setCompanyName(String companyName) {
        this.companyName=companyName;
    }

    @Override
    protected BaseInfo clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return ((BaseInfo) super.clone());
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return hashCode() + " ]BaseInfo{" +
                "companyName='" + companyName + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}


class Product implements Cloneable, Serializable {

    static final long serialVersionUID=6772397503790075095L;

    private String part1;
    private String part2;
    private String part3;
    private String part4;
    // 自定义数据类型
    private BaseInfo baseInfo;

    private String part5;


    public Product(String part1, String part2, String part3, String part4, BaseInfo baseInfo) {
        this.part1=part1;
        this.part2=part2;
        this.part3=part3;
        this.part4=part4;
        this.baseInfo=baseInfo;
    }

    public String getPart1() {
        return part1;
    }

    public void setPart1(String part1) {
        this.part1=part1;
    }

    public String getPart2() {
        return part2;
    }

    public void setPart2(String part2) {
        this.part2=part2;
    }

    public String getPart3() {
        return part3;
    }

    public void setPart3(String part3) {
        this.part3=part3;
    }

    public String getPart4() {
        return part4;
    }

    public void setPart4(String part4) {
        this.part4=part4;
    }


    public BaseInfo getBaseInfo() {
        return baseInfo;
    }

    public void setBaseInfo(BaseInfo baseInfo) {
        this.baseInfo=baseInfo;
    }


    @Override
    protected Product clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        // 利用jvm克隆机制完成的深拷贝
//        Product productClone= ((Product) super.clone());
//        BaseInfo clone1=this.baseInfo.clone();
//        productClone.setBaseInfo( clone1 );
//        return productClone ;

        // 序列化方式实现的深拷贝
        ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream=new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        try (ObjectOutputStream oos=new ObjectOutputStream( byteArrayOutputStream )) {
            oos.writeObject( this );
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        ByteArrayInputStream byteArrayInputStream=new ByteArrayInputStream( byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray() );

        try (ObjectInputStream ois=new ObjectInputStream( byteArrayInputStream )) {
            Product o=((Product) ois.readObject());
            return o;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return super.hashCode() + " ] Product{" +
                "part1='" + part1 + '\'' +
                ", part2='" + part2 + '\'' +
                ", part3='" + part3 + '\'' +
                ", part4='" + part4 + '\'' +
                ", baseInfo='" + baseInfo + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}