poj 2299 Ultra-QuickSort

Ultra-QuickSort

Time Limit: 7000MS		Memory Limit: 65536K
Total Submissions: 53423		Accepted: 19610

Description

In this problem, you have to analyze a particular sorting algorithm. The algorithm processes a sequence of n distinct integers by swapping two adjacent sequence elements until the sequence is sorted in ascending order. For the input sequence 
9 1 0 5 4 ,
Ultra-QuickSort produces the output 
0 1 4 5 9 .
Your task is to determine how many swap operations Ultra-QuickSort needs to perform in order to sort a given input sequence.

Input

The input contains several test cases. Every test case begins with a line that contains a single integer n < 500,000 -- the length of the input sequence. Each of the the following n lines contains a single integer 0 ≤ a[i] ≤ 999,999,999, the i-th input sequence element. Input is terminated by a sequence of length n = 0. This sequence must not be processed.

Output

For every input sequence, your program prints a single line containing an integer number op, the minimum number of swap operations necessary to sort the given input sequence.

Sample Input

5
9
1
0
5
4
3
1
2
3
0

Sample Output

6
0

Source

Waterloo local 2005.02.05

本质上就是求逆序对的题目；

#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>

using namespace std;
const int N = 500001;

int a[N],tmp[N];
long long ans;

void Merge(int l,int m,int r)
{
    int i = l;
    int j = m + 1;
    int k = l;
    while(i <= m && j <= r)
    {
        if(a[i] > a[j])
        {
            tmp[k++] = a[j++];
            ans += m - i + 1;
        }
        else
        {
            tmp[k++] = a[i++];
        }
    }
    while(i <= m) tmp[k++] = a[i++];
    while(j <= r) tmp[k++] = a[j++];
    for(int i=l;i<=r;i++)
        a[i] = tmp[i];
}

void Merge_sort(int l,int r)
{
    if(l < r)
    {
        int m = (l + r) >> 1;
        Merge_sort(l,m);
        Merge_sort(m+1,r);
        Merge(l,m,r);
    }
}

int main()
{
    int n;
    while(scanf("%d",&n)!=EOF&&n)
    {
        for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
            scanf("%d",&a[i]);
        ans = 0;
        Merge_sort(0,n-1);
        printf("%lld\n",ans);
    }
    return 0;
}