Material Design之RecyclerView基本讲解与瀑布流的实现

最新推荐文章于 2019-06-11 11:10:32 发布

LeiHolmes

最新推荐文章于 2019-06-11 11:10:32 发布

阅读量555

点赞数

分类专栏： Android recyclerview-瀑布流文章标签： recyclerview-瀑布流 gridview listview

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/LeiHolmes/article/details/78250676

版权

Android 同时被 2 个专栏收录

22 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

recyclerview-瀑布流

1 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

RecyclerView简介

　　RecyclerView是一种新的视图组，目标是为任何基于适配器的视图提供相似的渲染方式。它被作为ListView和GridView控件的继承者，具有更优的灵活性与可替代性。在最新的support-v7版本中提供支持。本文将讲解RecyclerView的简单实现，添加删除条目，点击事件添加与瀑布流的实现。

相关原理与简单实现

添加依赖

　　在AndroidStudio的build.gradle中添加依赖：

dependencies {
    ...
    compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:25.3.0'
}

在布局中使用

　　添加完依赖后就可以在布局中使用RecyclerView了：

<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
    android:id="@+id/main_recyclerview"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" />

RecyclerView.Adapter

　　RecyclerView封装了一种新型的适配器，与现在使用的适配器大同小异。它强制用户使用RecyclerView提供的ViewHolder，使用时主要需要重写onCreateViewHolder与onBindViewHolder方法。前者用来展现视图及其持有者，且只有真正需要一个新view时才会被回调，不需要检查是否已经被回收。后者用来绑定数据到View上。

import android.content.Context;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;
import java.util.List;

public class MyAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MyAdapter.MyViewHolder> {
    private Context context;
    private List<String> list;
    private LayoutInflater inflater;

    public MyAdapter(Context context, List<String> list) {
        this.context = context;
        this.list = list;
        inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
    }

    @Override
    public MyViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_recyclerview, parent, false);
        MyViewHolder holder = new MyViewHolder(view);
        return holder;
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(MyViewHolder holder, int position) {
        holder.textView.setText(list.get(position));
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return list.size();
    }

    class MyViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        TextView textView;
        public MyViewHolder(View itemView) {
            super(itemView);
            textView = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.item_textview);
        }
    }
}

LayoutManager

　　RecyclerView通过布局管理器LayoutManager控制每一个item如何进行排列摆放，何时展示和隐藏。回收或重用一个View时LayoutManager会向适配器请求新的数据来替换旧的数据，这种机制避免了创建过多的View和频繁的调用findViewById方法，目前其自带的主要有以下三种：

LinearLayoutManager：ListView样式
GridLayoutManager：GridView样式
StaggeredGridLayoutManager：瀑布流样式

ItemDecoration

　　RecyclerView并不能像ListView一样直接在xml布局中修改item分割线样式。需要在Activity动态设置，当然更推荐在单个条目布局中设置margin或者padding来实现分割线效果，这里提供一个分割线。

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.TypedArray;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.View;

public class DividerItemDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration {
    private static final int[] ATTRS = new int[]{
            android.R.attr.listDivider
    };
    public static final int HORIZONTAL_LIST = LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL;
    public static final int VERTICAL_LIST = LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL;
    private Drawable mDivider;
    private int mOrientation;

    public DividerItemDecoration(Context context, int orientation) {
        final TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(ATTRS);
        mDivider = a.getDrawable(0);
        a.recycle();
        setOrientation(orientation);
    }

    public void setOrientation(int orientation) {
        if (orientation != HORIZONTAL_LIST && orientation != VERTICAL_LIST) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid orientation");
        }
        mOrientation = orientation;
    }

    @Override
    public void onDraw(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent) {
        if (mOrientation == VERTICAL_LIST) {
            drawVertical(c, parent);
        } else {
            drawHorizontal(c, parent);
        }
    }

    public void drawVertical(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent) {
        final int left = parent.getPaddingLeft();
        final int right = parent.getWidth() - parent.getPaddingRight();
        final int childCount = parent.getChildCount();
        for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
            final View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
            final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child                     .getLayoutParams();
            final int top = child.getBottom() + params.bottomMargin;
            final int bottom = top + mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight();
            mDivider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
            mDivider.draw(c);
        }
    }

    public void drawHorizontal(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent) {
        final int top = parent.getPaddingTop();
        final int bottom = parent.getHeight() - parent.getPaddingBottom();
        final int childCount = parent.getChildCount();
        for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
            final View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
            final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child                     .getLayoutParams();
            final int left = child.getRight() + params.rightMargin;
            final int right = left + mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight();
            mDivider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
            mDivider.draw(c);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void getItemOffsets(Rect outRect, int itemPosition, RecyclerView parent) {
        if (mOrientation == VERTICAL_LIST) {
            outRect.set(0, 0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight());
        } else {
            outRect.set(0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth(), 0);
            }
    }
}

ItemAnimator

　　ItemAnimator会根据适配器上收到的通知来动画显示视图组的修改，比如item的添加与删除。DefaultItemAnimator已经能很好的展现动画效果了。

RecyclerView初始化

　　若想初始化一个RecyclerView使其进入工作状态，你需要在Activity中做以下的操作：

RecyclerView recyclerView = (RecyclerView)findViewById(R.id.recycler_view_main);
MyAdapter adapter = new MyAdapter(this, list);
//设置RecyclerView保持固定的大小
recyclerView.setHasFixedSize(true);
//设置适配器
recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
//设置RecyclerView ListView样式布局管理
recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this, LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL, false));
//设置RecyclerView的Item分割线
recyclerView.addItemDecoration(new DividerItemDecoration(this, DividerItemDecoration.VERTICAL_LIST));
//设置RecyclerView的动画
recyclerView.setItemAnimator(new DefaultItemAnimator());

//设置RecyclerView GridView样式
//recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new GridLayoutManager(MainActivity.this, 3));
//设置RecyclerView 水平GridView样式
//recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(5, StaggeredGridLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL));
//设置RecyclerView 瀑布流样式
//recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(3,StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL));

点击事件与添加删除Item

　　美中不足的是RecyclerView并没有提供像ListView一样的Item点击与Item长点击事件，不提供咱们就自己造，通过接口回调来实现。

Adapter中

import android.content.Context;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.util.ArrayList;

public class MyAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MyAdapter.MyViewHolder> {
    private Context context;
    private LayoutInflater inflater;
    protected ArrayList<String> datas;
    private onItemClickedListener onItemClickedListener;

    public MyAdapter(Context context, ArrayList<String> datas) {
        this.context = context;
        this.datas = datas;
        inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
    }

    public void setOnItemClickedListener(MyAdapter.onItemClickedListener onItemClickedListener) {
        this.onItemClickedListener = onItemClickedListener;
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(MyViewHolder holder, int position) {
        holder.textView.setText(datas.get(position));
    }

    @Override
    public MyViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
    View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_recycler_view, parent, false);
        MyViewHolder myViewHolder = new MyViewHolder(view);
        return myViewHolder;
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return datas.size();
    }

   /**
    * 添加条目
    */
    public void addItem(int position) {
        datas.add(position, "xulei");
    //        notifyDataSetChanged();
        notifyItemInserted(position);//调用这个才有动画效果
    }

   /**
    * 移除条目
    */
    public void removeItem(int position) {
        datas.remove(position);
        notifyItemRemoved(position);
    }

    class MyViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        TextView textView;

        public MyViewHolder(View itemView) {
            super(itemView);
            //初始化控件
            textView = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.item_textview);
            //设置当前条目单击监听
            itemView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View view) {
                    if (onItemClickedListener != null)
                        onItemClickedListener.onClick(view, getAdapterPosition());//可立刻获取到当前position
//                        onItemClickedListener.onClick(view, getLayoutPosition());//需等当前视图更新完才能获取到当前position，<16ms。
                }
            });
            //设置当前条目长按监听
            itemView.setOnLongClickListener(new View.OnLongClickListener() {
                @Override
                public boolean onLongClick(View view) {
                    if (onItemClickedListener != null)
                        onItemClickedListener.onLongClick(view, getAdapterPosition());
                    return false;
                }
            });
        }
    }

   /**
    * 点击回调的接口
    */
    interface onItemClickedListener {
        void onClick(View view, int position);

        void onLongClick(View view, int position);
    }
}

Activity中

　　在Activity中实例化Adapter之后添加如下代码：

adapter.setOnItemClickedListener(new MyAdapter.onItemClickedListener() {
    @Override
    public void onClick(View view, int position) {
        adapter.addItem(position);
        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "点击click:" + position, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    @Override
    public void onLongClick(View view, int position) {
        adapter.removeItem(position);
        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "长按click:" + position, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
});

瀑布流的实现

　　想实现瀑布流的样式通过使用RecyclerView也很容易就能实现。

首先在Activity中设置LayoutManager时选择：

recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(3,StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL));

修改Adapter

　　瀑布流自然是每个条目的高度不同才能出现瀑布的效果（水平布局则是宽度不同），那么只需在每个条目绑定数据时动态改变下其高度即可，贴出瀑布流Adapter代码：

import android.content.Context;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class StaggerAdapter extends MyAdapter {
    private List<Integer> heights;
    public StaggerAdapter(Context context, ArrayList<String> datas) {
        super(context, datas);
        heights = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < datas.size(); i++) {
            heights.add((int) (100 + Math.random() * 300));
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(MyViewHolder holder, int position) {
        ViewGroup.LayoutParams layoutParams = holder.itemView.getLayoutParams();
        layoutParams.height = heights.get(position);
//        layoutParams.width = heights.get(position);
        holder.itemView.setLayoutParams(layoutParams);
        holder.textView.setText(datas.get(position));
    }
}

总结

　　通过实践发现RecyclerView相较于ListView与GridView确实强大很多，更加的灵活与方便，提高了开发效率。但也有不足之处，如并未封装点击事件的回调，确实是比较头疼。期待Google的完善。
附上GitHub源码：
RecyclerViewDemo
RecyclerViewDevelop

LeiHolmes

关注

0
点赞
踩
0

收藏

觉得还不错? 一键收藏
0
评论
Material Design之RecyclerView基本讲解与瀑布流的实现

RecyclerView是一种新的视图组，目标是为任何基于适配器的视图提供相似的渲染方式。它被作为ListView和GridView控件的继承者，具有更优的灵活性与可替代性。在最新的support-v7版本中提供支持。本文将讲解RecyclerView的简单实现，添加删除条目，点击事件添加与瀑布流的实现。
复制链接

扫一扫

专栏目录