C++ Reference

The standard C++ library is a collection of functions, constants, classes, objects and templates that extends the C++ language providing basic functionality to perform several tasks, like classes to interact with the operating system, data containers, manipulators to operate with them and algorithms commonly needed.

The declarations of the different elements provided by the library are split in several headers that shall be included in the code in order to have access to its components:

algorithm	complex	exception	list	stack
bitset	csetjmp	fstream	locale	stdexcept
cassert	csignal	functional	map	strstream
cctype	cstdarg	iomanip	memory	streambuf
cerrno	cstddef	ios	new	string
cfloat	cstdio	iosfwd	numeric	typeinfo
ciso646	cstdlib	iostream	ostream	utility
climits	cstring	istream	queue	valarray
clocale	ctime	iterator	set	vector
cmath	deque	limits	sstream

It can be divided into:

C Library

The elements of the C language library are also included as a subset of the C++ Standard library. These cover many aspects, from general utility functions and macros to input/output functions and dynamic memory management functions:

cassert

C Diagnostics Library (header)

cctype

Character handling functions (header)

cerrno

C Errors (header)

cfloat

Characteristics of floating-point types (header)

ciso646

ISO 646 Alternative operator spellings (header)

climits

Sizes of integral types (header)

clocale

C localization library (header)

cmath

C numerics library (header)

csetjmp

Non local jumps (header)

csignal

C library to handle signals (header)

cstdarg

Variable arguments handling (header)

cstddef

C Standard definitions (header)

cstdio

C library to perform Input/Output operations (header)

cstdlib

C Standard General Utilities Library (header)

cstring

C Strings (header)

ctime

C Time Library (header)

C++ Standard Library: Miscellaneous libraries

Language support library:

limits

Numeric limits (header)

new	Dynamic memory (header)

typeinfo

Type information (header)

exception

Standard exception class (class)

Diagnostics library:

stdexcept

Exception classes (header)

General utilities library:

utility

Utility components (header)

functional

Function objects (header)

memory

Memory elements (header)

Strings library:

string

C++ Strings library (library)

Localization library:

locale

Localization library (header)

C++ Standard Library: Standard Template Library (STL)

Containers library:

bitset

Bitset (class template)

deque

Double ended queue (class template)

list	List (class template)

map	Map (class template)

multimap

Multiple-key map (class template)

multiset

Multiple-key set (class template)

priority_queue

Priority queue (class template)

queue

FIFO queue (class template)

set	Set (class template)

stack

LIFO stack (class template)

vector

Vector (class template)

Iterators library:

iterator

Iterator definitions (header)

Algorithms library:

algorithm

Standard Template Library: Algorithms (library)

Numeric library:

complex

Complex numbers library (header)

valarray

Library for arrays of numeric values (header)

numeric

Generalized numeric operations (header)

C++ Standard Library: Input/Output Stream Library

Provides functionality to use an abstraction called streams specially designed to perform input and output operations on sequences of character, like files or strings.
This functionality is provided through several related classes, as shown in the following relationship map, with the corresponding header file names on top:




For more info see the reference page for the C++ Input/Output Library.