很好的一篇入门:
http://www.cnblogs.com/zig-zag/archive/2013/04/18/3027707.html
跟时间分治一样,我们需要把握好一个序。
它的适用范围一般是可以二分的题目,例如区间k大之类恶心的东西
你说带修改k大?树上带修改k大?主席树上啊……孩子醒醒吧,树套树你会崩溃的尤其还不是一般的线段树
Zig-Zag神牛那篇讲的是带修改的区间k大,我就无聊说说跟它不完全一样的树上k大(虽然其实差不多)
好吧还是差很多的,蒟蒻只能yy出一个很不靠谱的方法……
首先,入口是solve(l,r,L,R)表示待处理区间为Seq[l]~Seq[r],答案范围为L,R
类似区间k大,我们在小于MID的点+1,求u到v路径上的和,便是当前有多少数小于mid
至于怎么搞……树链剖分或者LCT都行了(大家散吧博主傻逼我去写树套树了~喂别跑了LCT还是比树套树好写的!!!!!)
然后抓住一个序的问题,将小于MID的修改,以及cur没有到所需k的查询,加入QL队列,否则加入QR队列。
切记维护一个序序序序!!!!
你说代码,没有!!!
update:无聊还是写了下,顺便练一下代码能力,暂时没过,不过问题不大
#include <cstdio>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
const int MAXN = 1001;
const int MAXM = 1001;
struct Node *null;
struct Node
{
int v,sum;
int size;
Node *ch[2],*f;
void maintain(){size = 1+ch[0]->size+ch[1]->size, sum = v+ch[0]->sum+ch[1]->sum;}
bool check(){return f != null && (f->ch[0] == this || f->ch[1] == this);}
int d(){return f->ch[1] == this ? 1 : 0;}
void setc(Node *c,int d){ch[d] = c, c->f = this;}
Node (){ch[0] = ch[1] = f = null, size = 1, v = sum = 0;}
Node (int x){ch[0] = ch[1] = f = NULL, size = 0, v = sum = 0;};
};
struct Q
{
int oper,u,v,k,id,cur;
};
int n,m,cnt;
int id[MAXN],idx[MAXN],ans[MAXN];
int temp[MAXM];
Q Seq[MAXM],QL[MAXM],QR[MAXM];
Node *p[MAXN];
vector <int> G[MAXN];
inline void READ(int &x)
{
char c;
x = 0;
do c = getchar(); while (c < '0' || c > '9');
do x = x*10+c-48, c = getchar(); while (c >= '0' && c <= '9');
}
bool cmp(int x,int y)
{
return id[x] < id[y];
}
void rotate(Node *p)
{
Node *x = p->f;
int d = p->d();
if (!x->check()) p->f = x->f;
else x->f->setc(p,x->d());
x->setc(p->ch[d^1],d);
p->setc(x,d^1);
x->maintain();
}
void Splay(Node *p)
{
while (p->check())
{
Node *x = p->f;
if (!x->check()) rotate(p);
else p->d() == x->d() ? (rotate(x),rotate(p)) : (rotate(p),rotate(p));
}
p->maintain();
}
void Access(Node *p)
{
for (Node *q = null; p != null; p = p->f)
{
Splay(p);
p->setc(q,1);
(q = p)->maintain();
}
}
inline int query(Node *u,Node *v)
{
Access(u);
int ans = 0;
for (Node *q = null; v != null; v = v->f)
{
Splay(v);
if (v->f == null) ans = q->sum+v->sum;
v->setc(q,1);
(q = v)->maintain();
}
return ans;
}
inline void modify(Node *u,int delta)
{
u->v += delta;
u->sum += delta;
}
void dfs(int u,int fa)
{
p[u]->f = p[fa];
for (int i=0;i<G[u].size();i++) if (G[u][i] != fa) dfs(G[u][i],u);
}
void solve(int l,int r,int L,int R)
{
if (L == R)
{
for (int i=l;i<=r;i++) if (Seq[i].oper == 1) ans[Seq[i].id] = L;
return;
}
int MID = (L+R)/2;
for (int i=l;i<=r;i++)
{
if (Seq[i].oper == 1) temp[i] = query(p[Seq[i].u],p[Seq[i].v]);
else if (Seq[i].v <= MID) modify(p[Seq[i].u],1);
}
for (int i=l;i<=r;i++) if (Seq[i].oper == 2 && Seq[i].v <= MID) modify(p[Seq[i].u],-1);
int LenL = 0, LenR = 0;
for (int i=l;i<=r;i++)
{
if (Seq[i].oper == 1)
{
if (temp[i]+Seq[i].cur >= Seq[i].k) QL[++LenL] = Seq[i];
else
{
Seq[i].cur += temp[i];
QR[++LenR] = Seq[i];
}
}
else
{
if (Seq[i].v <= MID) QL[++LenL] = Seq[i];
else QR[++LenR] = Seq[i];
}
}
cnt = l-1;
for (int i=1;i<=LenL;i++) Seq[++cnt] = QL[i];
for (int i=1;i<=LenR;i++) Seq[++cnt] = QR[i];
solve(l,l+LenL-1,L,MID);
solve(l+LenL,r,MID+1,R);
}
int main()
{
null = new Node(1);
READ(n);READ(m);
for (int i=1;i<=n;i++) READ(id[i]),idx[i] = i;
sort(idx+1,idx+n+1,cmp);
for (int i=1;i<=n;i++) Seq[++cnt] = (Q){2,idx[i],i,0,0,0};
for (int i=1;i<=n;i++) p[i] = new Node();
p[0] = null;
for (int i=1;i<n;i++)
{
int u,v;
READ(u);READ(v);
G[u].push_back(v);
G[v].push_back(u);
}
dfs(1,0);
for (int i=1;i<=m;i++)
{
int l,r,k;
scanf("%d%d%d",&l,&r,&k);
Seq[++cnt] = (Q){1,l,r,k,i,0};
}
solve(1,cnt,1,n);
for (int i=1;i<=m;i++) printf("%d\n",id[idx[ans[i]]]);
return 0;
}