1. 查询员工的last_name, department_id, salary.其中员工的salary,department_id与有奖金的任何一个员工的
salary,department_id相同即可
a) select last_name, department_id, salary
b) from employees
c) where (salary,department_id) in (
d) select salary,department_id
e) from employees
f) where commission_pct is not null
g) )
查询员工的last_name,department_id,salary,要求其中员工的salary和department_id,与有奖金的任何一个员工相同,
说明这个是有条件的,是得跟这个是一样的,并且这个里面是要求是有奖金的,它是典型的多了一个子查询,多列,哪两个列,
一个是salary,一个是department_id,select这三个信息,然后from employees,where要求有哪些条件啊,要求salary,
department_id,得跟这个是一样的,他得等于一个子查询,是吧,这个怎么写,你得给他加上一个括号,里边select一一对应,
select salary,employee_id,from,还是employees,这里边是不是有个条件,要求commission,它是表示奖金率,
commission_pct is not null,它得是非空的,这两个信息跟他对应,忽略子查询,这里返回多个了,那你这里是不是应该
是in,有多个值了
select last_name,department_id,salary
from employees
where (salary,department_id) in (select salary,department_id from employees where commission_pct
is not null)
我们以前其实做过这个题,还有更简便的方式,你看这个题简单在哪儿呢,内外的表是不是一样,这个题说白了,
你看是不是这样的,把这个一删,跟这个题目一样不一样,返回这三个信息,然后奖金是非空的,变35了
select last_name, department_id, salary
from employees
where commission_pct is not null
35条是不是有一个这个人,and department_id is not null,这就行了,因为刚才那个查询的时候,内层是空的就找不到了
select last_name, department_id, salary
from employees
where commission_pct is not null and department_id is not null
2. 选择工资大于所有JOB_ID = 'SA_MAN'的员工的工资的员工的last_name, job_id, salary
select last_name, job_id, salary
from employees
where salary > all(
select salary
from employees
where job_id = 'SA_MAN'
)
我们看看这个题,选择工资大于所有JOB_ID='SA_MAN'这个员工工资的员工信息,这个题目是不是相当于是一个老题,
这个题目不难,select这三个信息,from employees表里的,比JOB_ID是这个的员工的工资都大,大于所有JOB_ID是这个
员工,那你是不是从这里面找出最大的,或者你大于all也行,where salary大于,all(),select salary from employees,
where job_id等于'SA_MAN',一共只有4条记录
select last_name,job_id,salary
from employees
where salary > all(select salary from employees where job_id = 'SA_MAN')
你看这个方式我们是不是也可以这样写,大于我就写上这个符号的话,实际上就从这里面找这个最大的,
里这里找一个max也可以吧
select last_name, job_id, salary
from employees
where salary > (select max(salary) from employees where job_id = 'SA_MAN')
3. 选择所有没有管理者的员工的last_name
select last_name
from employees e1
where not exists (
select 'A'
from employees e2
where e1.manager_id = e2.employee_id
)
选择所有没有管理者的员工的last_name,没有管理者,就是它是管理者的头,你就找没有管理者的,
这里你也可以当做是一个老题,老题的话你是不是可以这样来实现,select last_name,from employees,
然后where,没有管理者,那就是他的manager_id is null,是这个意思吧,那就一个人这个人是没有管理者的
select last_name from employees where manager_id is null
这就是一个人,就是这个人是没有管理者的,这个就当成是一个老题,我们讲第二节过滤,排序的时候,
就讲到的一个题目,那用我们这节课讲的题目,怎么来实现啊,他让查询他,where,我这儿看成是一个
子查询的话,子查询,只要你这个子查询,一条条数据往里面去放,如果发现跟内层的没有匹配的,他就是
没有管理者的,我们先写写,然后大家你来看,他叫exists,select,你这里随便给个值就行,from还是employees,
外边这个还是要给他来一个别名,内层的起不起别名都行,where,你是要查没有管理者的,那就是外层e1表的,
manager_id,他等于e2的employee_id,如果说你外层,每来一条数据的话,这条数据往里头一放,发现有等的,
有等的是不是说明你有管理者啊,那我就给你来一个not exists,有管理者返回true,not就是返回是false的时候,
我就要不等的那个数据,那就是没有管理者的呗,是不是也是他啊
select last_name
from employees e1
where not exists (select 'A' from employees e2 where e1.employee_id = e2.manager_id)
这就是我们这个题用今天的知识,其实我们从这第三题,第二题,甚至说第一题,我们使用新的知识,
就是我们今天讲的高级子查询的,也非常的简单,有的时候我们用旧的方式更简单,当然有的情况下,
我们必须的得用新的知识,必须得用高级子查询,尤其是我们讲的相关子查询,我们这一章里面非常重要的
知识点,重中之重,大家要好好的理解一下,这一章当我们讲完以后,我们整个关于SQL就讲完了,那么这个之后啊,
大家既可以学习我们的PL/SQL,也可以我们这里有一套题,这个是真正的企业级应用,大家把这套题做一做,这套题还是有一些难度的,
来检验一下前面的14节,这套题如果能比较轻松的拿下的话,那你已经是非常优秀的了
Student(SID, Sname, Sage, Ssex) 学生表
Course(CID, Cname, TID) 课程表
SC(SID, CID, score) 成绩表
Teacher(TID, Tname) 教师表
创建表注意：1.课程从001开始
2.
问题：
1、查询“001”课程比“002”课程成绩高的所有学生的学号；
select a.SID from (select Sid,score from SC where CID='001') a,(select Sid,score
from SC where CID='002') b
where a.score>b.score and a.Sid=b.Sid;
2、查询平均成绩大于60分的同学的学号和平均成绩；
select SID,avg(score)
from sc
group by SID having avg(score) >60;
3、查询所有同学的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩；
select Student.SID,Student.Sname,count(SC.CID),sum(score)
from Student left Outer join SC on Student.SID=SC.SID
group by Student.SID,Sname
4、查询姓“李”的老师的个数；
select count(distinct(Tname))
from Teacher
where Tname like '李%';
5、查询没学过“叶平”老师课的同学的学号、姓名；
select Student.SID,Student.Sname
from Student
where SID not in (select distinct(SC.SID) from SC,Course,Teacher
where SC.CID=Course.CID and Teacher.TID=Course.TID and Teacher.Tname='叶平');
6、查询学过“001”并且也学过编号“002”课程的同学的学号、姓名；
select Student.SID,Student.Sname
from Student,SC
where Student.SID=SC.SID and SC.CID='001'and exists(
Select * from SC as SC_2 where SC_2.SID=SC.SID and SC_2.CID='002');
7、查询学过“叶平”老师所教的所有课的同学的学号、姓名；
select SID,Sname
from Student
where SID in (select SID from SC ,Course ,Teacher
where SC.CID=Course.CID and Teacher.TID=Course.TID and Teacher.Tname='叶平'
group by SID having count(SC.CID)=(select count(CID) from Course,Teacher
where Teacher.TID=Course.TID and Tname='叶平'));
8、查询课程编号“002”的成绩比课程编号“001”课程低的所有同学的学号、姓名；
Select SID,Sname from (select Student.SID,Student.Sname,score ,(select score from SC SC_2 where SC_2.SID=Student.SID and SC_2.CID='002') score2
from Student,SC where Student.SID=SC.SID and CID='001') S_2 where score2 <score;
9、查询所有课程成绩小于60分的同学的学号、姓名；
select SID,Sname
from Student
where SID not in (select Student.SID from Student,SC where S.SID=SC.SID and score>60);
10、查询没有学全所有课的同学的学号、姓名；
select Student.SID,Student.Sname
from Student,SC
where Student.SID=SC.SID group by Student.SID,Student.Sname having count(CID) <(select count(CID) from Course);
11、查询至少有一门课与学号为“1001”的同学所学相同的同学的学号和姓名；
select SID,Sname from Student,SC where Student.SID=SC.SID and CID in select CID from SC where SID='1001';
12、查询至少学过学号为“001”同学所有一门课的其他同学学号和姓名；
select distinct SC.SID,Sname
from Student,SC
where Student.SID=SC.SID and CID in (select CID from SC where SID='001');
13、把“SC”表中“叶平”老师教的课的成绩都更改为此课程的平均成绩；
update SC set score=(select avg(SC_2.score)
from SC SC_2
where SC_2.CID=SC.CID )
from Course,Teacher where Course.CID=SC.CID and Course.TID=Teacher.TID and Teacher.Tname='叶平');
14、查询和“1002”号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学学号和姓名；
select SID from SC where CID in (select CID from SC where SID='1002')
group by SID having count(*)=(select count(*) from SC where SID='1002');
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
15、删除学习“叶平”老师课的SC表记录；
Delect SC
from course ,Teacher
where Course.CID=SC.CID and Course.TID= Teacher.TID and Tname='叶平';
16、向SC表中插入一些记录，这些记录要求符合以下条件：没有上过编号“003”课程的同学学号、2、
号课的平均成绩；
Insert SC select SID,'002',(Select avg(score)
from SC where CID='002') from Student where SID not in (Select SID from SC where CID='002');
17、按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的“数据库”、“企业管理”、“英语”三门的课程成绩，按如下形式显示：学生ID,,数据库,企业管理,英语,有效课程数,有效平均分
SELECT SID as 学生ID
,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.SID=t.SID AND CID='004') AS 数据库
,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.SID=t.SID AND CID='001') AS 企业管理
,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.SID=t.SID AND CID='006') AS 英语
,COUNT(*) AS 有效课程数, AVG(t.score) AS 平均成绩
FROM SC AS t
GROUP BY SID
ORDER BY avg(t.score)
18、查询各科成绩最高和最低的分：以如下形式显示：课程ID，最高分，最低分
SELECT L.CID As 课程ID,L.score AS 最高分,R.score AS 最低分
FROM SC L ,SC AS R
WHERE L.CID = R.CID and
L.score = (SELECT MAX(IL.score)
FROM SC AS IL,Student AS IM
WHERE L.CID = IL.CID and IM.SID=IL.SID
GROUP BY IL.CID)
AND
R.Score = (SELECT MIN(IR.score)
FROM SC AS IR
WHERE R.CID = IR.CID
GROUP BY IR.CID
);
19、按各科平均成绩从低到高和及格率的百分数从高到低顺序
SELECT t.CID AS 课程号,max(course.Cname)AS 课程名,isnull(AVG(score),0) AS 平均成绩
,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN isnull(score,0)>=60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(*) AS 及格百分数
FROM SC T,Course
where t.CID=course.CID
GROUP BY t.CID
ORDER BY 100 * SUM(CASE WHEN isnull(score,0)>=60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(*) DESC
20、查询如下课程平均成绩和及格率的百分数(用"1行"显示): 企业管理（001），马克思（002），OO&UML （003），数据库（004）
SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN CID ='001' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE CID WHEN '001' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 企业管理平均分
,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN CID = '001' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN CID = '001' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 企业管理及格百分数
,SUM(CASE WHEN CID = '002' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE CID WHEN '002' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 马克思平均分
,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN CID = '002' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN CID = '002' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 马克思及格百分数
,SUM(CASE WHEN CID = '003' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE CID WHEN '003' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS UML平均分
,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN CID = '003' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN CID = '003' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS UML及格百分数
,SUM(CASE WHEN CID = '004' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE CID WHEN '004' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 数据库平均分
,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN CID = '004' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN CID = '004' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 数据库及格百分数
FROM SC
21、查询不同老师所教不同课程平均分从高到低显示
SELECT max(Z.TID) AS 教师ID,MAX(Z.Tname) AS 教师姓名,C.CID AS 课程ＩＤ,MAX(C.Cname) AS 课程名称,AVG(Score) AS 平均成绩
FROM SC AS T,Course AS C ,Teacher AS Z
where T.CID=C.CID and C.TID=Z.TID
GROUP BY C.CID
ORDER BY AVG(Score) DESC
22、查询如下课程成绩第 3 名到第 6 名的学生成绩单：企业管理（001），马克思（002），UML （003），数据库（004）
[学生ID],[学生姓名],企业管理,马克思,UML,数据库,平均成绩
SELECT DISTINCT top 3
SC.SID As 学生学号,
Student.Sname AS 学生姓名 ,
T1.score AS 企业管理,
T2.score AS 马克思,
T3.score AS UML,
T4.score AS 数据库,
ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) as 总分
FROM Student,SC LEFT JOIN SC AS T1
ON SC.SID = T1.SID AND T1.CID = '001'
LEFT JOIN SC AS T2
ON SC.SID = T2.SID AND T2.CID = '002'
LEFT JOIN SC AS T3
ON SC.SID = T3.SID AND T3.CID = '003'
LEFT JOIN SC AS T4
ON SC.SID = T4.SID AND T4.CID = '004'
WHERE student.SID=SC.SID and
ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0)
NOT IN
(SELECT
DISTINCT
TOP 15 WITH TIES
ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0)
FROM sc
LEFT JOIN sc AS T1
ON sc.SID = T1.SID AND T1.CID = 'k1'
LEFT JOIN sc AS T2
ON sc.SID = T2.SID AND T2.CID = 'k2'
LEFT JOIN sc AS T3
ON sc.SID = T3.SID AND T3.CID = 'k3'
LEFT JOIN sc AS T4
ON sc.SID = T4.SID AND T4.CID = 'k4'
ORDER BY ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) DESC);
23、统计列印各科成绩,各分数段人数:课程ID,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[ <60]
SELECT SC.CID as 课程ID, Cname as 课程名称
,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 85 AND 100 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [100 - 85]
,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 70 AND 85 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [85 - 70]
,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 60 AND 70 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [70 - 60]
,SUM(CASE WHEN score < 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [60 -]
FROM SC,Course
where SC.CID=Course.CID
GROUP BY SC.CID,Cname;
24、查询学生平均成绩及其名次
SELECT 1+(SELECT COUNT( distinct 平均成绩)
FROM (SELECT SID,AVG(score) AS 平均成绩
FROM SC
GROUP BY SID
) AS T1
WHERE 平均成绩> T2.平均成绩) as 名次,
SID as 学生学号,平均成绩
FROM (SELECT SID,AVG(score) 平均成绩
FROM SC
GROUP BY SID
) AS T2
ORDER BY 平均成绩desc;
25、查询各科成绩前三名的记录:(不考虑成绩并列情况)
SELECT t1.SID as 学生ID,t1.CID as 课程ID,Score as 分数
FROM SC t1
WHERE score IN (SELECT TOP 3 score
FROM SC
WHERE t1.CID= CID
ORDER BY score DESC
)
ORDER BY t1.CID;
26、查询每门课程被选修的学生数
select Cid,count(SID) from sc group by CID;
27、查询出只选修了一门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名
select SC.SID,Student.Sname,count(CID) AS 选课数
from SC ,Student
where SC.SID=Student.SID group by SC.SID ,Student.Sname having count(CID)=1;
28、查询男生、女生人数
Select count(Ssex) as 男生人数 from Student group by Ssex having Ssex='男';
Select count(Ssex) as 女生人数 from Student group by Ssex having Ssex='女'；
29、查询姓“张”的学生名单
SELECT Sname FROM Student WHERE Sname like '张%';
30、查询同名同性学生名单，并统计同名人数
select Sname,count(*) from Student group by Sname having count(*)>1;;
31、1981年出生的学生名单(注：Student表中Sage列的类型是datetime)
select Sname, CONVERT(char (11),DATEPART(year,Sage)) as age
from student
where CONVERT(char(11),DATEPART(year,Sage))='1981';
32、查询每门课程的平均成绩，结果按平均成绩升序排列，平均成绩相同时，按课程号降序排列
Select CID,Avg(score) from SC group by CID order by Avg(score),CID DESC ;
33、查询平均成绩大于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩
select Sname,SC.SID ,avg(score)
from Student,SC
where Student.SID=SC.SID group by SC.SID,Sname having avg(score)>85;
34、查询课程名称为“数据库”，且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数
Select Sname,isnull(score,0)
from Student,SC,Course
where SC.SID=Student.SID and SC.CID=Course.CID and Course.Cname='数据库'and score <60;
35、查询所有学生的选课情况；
SELECT SC.SID,SC.CID,Sname,Cname
FROM SC,Student,Course
where SC.SID=Student.SID and SC.CID=Course.CID ;
36、查询任何一门课程成绩在70分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数；
SELECT distinct student.SID,student.Sname,SC.CID,SC.score
FROM student,Sc
WHERE SC.score>=70 AND SC.SID=student.SID;
37、查询不及格的课程，并按课程号从大到小排列
select Cid from sc where scor e <60 order by CID ;
38、查询课程编号为003且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名；
select SC.SID,Student.Sname from SC,Student where SC.SID=Student.SID and Score>80 and CID='003';
39、求选了课程的学生人数
select count(*) from sc;
40、查询选修“叶平”老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生姓名及其成绩
select Student.Sname,score
from Student,SC,CourseC,Teacher
where Student.SID=SC.SID and SC.CID=C.CID and C.TID=Teacher.TID and Teacher.Tname='叶平' and SC.score=(select max(score)from SC where CID=C.CID );
41、查询各个课程及相应的选修人数
select count(*) from sc group by CID;
42、查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学号、课程号、学生成绩
select distinct A.SID,B.score from SC A ,SC B where A.Score=B.Score and A.CID <>B.CID ;
43、查询每门功成绩最好的前两名
SELECT t1.SID as 学生ID,t1.CID as 课程ID,Score as 分数
FROM SC t1
WHERE score IN (SELECT TOP 2 score
FROM SC
WHERE t1.CID= CID
ORDER BY score DESC
)
ORDER BY t1.CID;
44、统计每门课程的学生选修人数（超过10人的课程才统计）。要求输出课程号和选修人数，查询结果按人数降序排列，查询结果按人数降序排列，若人数相同，按课程号升序排列
select CID as 课程号,count(*) as 人数
from sc
group by CID
order by count(*) desc,Cid
45、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号
select SID
from sc
group by Sid
having count(*) > = 2
46、查询全部学生都选修的课程的课程号和课程名
select CID,Cname
from Course
where CID in (select Cid from sc group by Cid)
47、查询没学过“叶平”老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名
select Sname from Student where SID not in (select SID from Course,Teacher,SC where Course.TID=Teacher.TID and SC.CID=course.CID and Tname='叶平');
48、查询两门以上不及格课程的同学的学号及其平均成绩
select SID,avg(isnull(score,0)) from SC where SID in (select SID from SC where score <60 group by SID having count(*)>2)group by SID;
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