day7-字典作业

1. 定义一个变量保存一个学生的信息，学生信息中包括：姓名、年龄、成绩(单科)、电话、性别

   student = {'name': 'stu0', 'age': 25, 'score': 95, 'tel': '9876543210', 'gender': '男'}
   print(student)
   

2. 定义一个列表，在列表中保存6个学生的信息(学生信息中包括: 姓名、年龄、成绩(单科)、电话、性别(男、女、不明) )

   students = [
           {'name': 'stu1', 'age': 22, 'score': 95, 'tel': '25428456', 'gender': '男'},
           {'name': 'stu2', 'age': 32, 'score': 58, 'tel': '62731246', 'gender': '女'},
           {'name': 'stu3', 'age': 22, 'score': 65, 'tel': '12928317', 'gender': '男'},
           {'name': 'stu4', 'age': 18, 'score': 78, 'tel': '72289392', 'gender': '不明'},
           {'name': 'stu5', 'age': 16, 'score': 72, 'tel': '27372885', 'gender': '女'},
           {'name': 'stu6', 'age': 15, 'score': 45, 'tel': '27361028', 'gender': '男'},
           {'name': 'stu7', 'age': 40, 'score': 95, 'tel': '27565428', 'gender': '不明'},
   ]
   

   1. 统计不及格学生的个数

      # 方法1:
      count = 0
      for stu in students:
          if stu['score'] < 60:
              count += 1
      print(count)
      
      # 方法2:
      np_students = [stu['name'] for stu in students if stu['score'] < 60]
      print(len(np_students))
      

   2. 打印不及格未成年学生的名字和对应的成绩

      # 方法1:
      for stu in students:
          if stu['score'] < 60 and stu['age'] < 18:
              print(stu['name'], stu['score'])
              
      # 方法2:
      np_ua_students = {stu['name']: stu['score'] for stu in students if stu['age'] < 18 and stu['score'] < 60}
      print(np_ua_students)
      

   3. 求所有男生的平均年龄

      # 方法1:
      sum_age = 0
      count = 0
      for stu in students:
          if stu['gender'] == '男':
              sum_age += stu['age']
              count += 1
      print(round(sum_age / count, 2))
      
      # 方法2:
      boy_ages = [stu['age'] for stu in students if stu['gender'] == '男']
      print(round(sum(boy_ages) / len(boy_ages), 2))
      

   4. 打印手机尾号是8的学生的名字

      # 方法1:
      for stu in students:
          if stu['tel'][-1] == '8':
              print(stu['name'], end='\t')
      print()
      
      # 方法2:
      ei_students = [stu['name'] for stu in students if stu['tel'][-1] == '8']
      print(ei_students)
      

   5. 打印最高分和对应的学生的名字

      # 方法1:
      max_score = students[0]['score']
      max_s_name = []
      for stu in students:
          if stu['score'] > max_score:
              max_s_name.clear()
              max_s_name.append(stu['name'])
              max_score = stu['score']
          elif stu['score'] == max_score:
              max_s_name.append(stu['name'])
      print(max_s_name, max_score)
      
      # 方法2:
      max_score = max([stu['score'] for stu in students])
      max_score_stu = [stu['name'] for stu in students if stu['score'] == max_score]
      print(max_score_stu, max_score)
      

   6. 删除性别不明的所有学生

      new_students = [stu for stu in students if stu['gender'] != '不明']
      print(new_students)
      

   7. 将列表按学生成绩从大到小排序(挣扎一下，不行就放弃)

      # 方法1:
      for i in range(1, len(students)):
          for j in range(len(students) - i):
              if students[j]['score'] < students[j + 1]['score']:
                  students[j], students[j + 1] = students[j + 1], students[j]
      print(students)
      
      # 方法2:
      scores = [stu['score'] for stu in students]
      while len(scores) > 1:
          students.append(students.pop(scores.index(max(scores))))
          del scores[scores.index(max(scores))]
      students.append(students.pop(0))
      print(students)
      

3. 定义一个变量保存一个班级的信息，班级信息中包括：班级名称、教室位置、班主任信息、讲师信息、班级所有的学生（根据实际情况确定数据类型和具体信息）

   class_msg = {
       'class_name': 'python',
       'address': '404教室',
       'head_teacher': 'sl',
       'lecturer': 'tj',
       'students':[
           {'name': 'stu1', 'gender': 1, 'age': 25, 'tel': '9876543210', 'linkman': {'name': 'link1', 'tel': '1111111111'}},
           {'name': 'stu2', 'gender': 0, 'age': 18, 'tel': '8765432109', 'linkman': {'name': 'link1', 'tel': '0000000000'}},
           {'name': 'stu3', 'gender': 0, 'age': 22, 'tel': '7654321098', 'linkman': {'name': 'link1', 'tel': '2222222222'}},
           {'name': 'stu4', 'gender': 1, 'age': 30, 'tel': '6543210987', 'linkman': {'name': 'link1', 'tel': '3333333333'}},
           {'name': 'stu5', 'gender': 1, 'age': 22, 'tel': '5432109876', 'linkman': {'name': 'link1', 'tel': '4444444444'}},
           {'name': 'stu6', 'gender': None, 'age': 36, 'tel': '4321098765', 'linkman': {'name': 'link1', 'tel': '5555555555'}},
           {'name': 'stu7', 'gender': 1, 'age': 16, 'tel': '3210987654', 'linkman': {'name': 'link1', 'tel': '6666666666'}},
           {'name': 'stu8', 'gender': 0, 'age': 20, 'tel': '2109876543', 'linkman': {'name': 'link1', 'tel': '7777777777'}},
           {'name': 'stu9', 'gender': 1, 'age': 24, 'tel': '1098765432', 'linkman': {'name': 'link1', 'tel': '8888888888'}},
           {'name': 'stu10', 'gender': 0, 'age': 19, 'tel': '0987654321', 'linkman': {'name': 'link1', 'tel': '9999999999'}},
       ]
   }
   

4. 已知一个列表保存了多个狗对应的字典:

   dogs = [
     {'name': '贝贝', 'color': '白色', 'breed': '银狐', 'age': 3, 'gender': '母'},
     {'name': '花花', 'color': '灰色', 'breed': '法斗', 'age': 2},
     {'name': '财财', 'color': '黑色', 'breed': '土狗', 'age': 5, 'gender': '公'},
     {'name': '包子', 'color': '黄色', 'breed': '哈士奇', 'age': 1},
     {'name': '可乐', 'color': '白色', 'breed': '银狐', 'age': 2},
     {'name': '旺财', 'color': '黄色', 'breed': '土狗', 'age': 2, 'gender': '母'}
   ]
   

   1. 利用列表推导式获取所有狗的品种

      [‘银狐’, ‘法斗’, ‘土狗’, ‘哈士奇’, ‘银狐’, ‘土狗’]

      breeds = [dog['breed'] for dog in dogs]
      print(breeds)
      

   2. 利用列表推导式获取所有白色狗的名字

      [‘贝贝’, ‘可乐’]

      white_dogs = [dog['name'] for dog in dogs if dog['color'] == '白色']
      print(white_dogs)
      

   3. 给dogs中没有性别的狗添加性别为 ‘公’

      for dog in dogs:
          dog.setdefault('gender', '公')
      print(dogs)
      

   4. 统计 ‘银狐’ 的数量

      # 方法1:
      count = 0
      for dog in dogs:
          if dog['breed'] == '银狐':
              count += 1
      print(count)
      
      # 方法2:
      sf_dogs = [dog['name'] for dog in dogs if dog['breed'] == '银狐']
      print(len(sf_dogs))