linux 网络编程（广播的编程）

 广播（程序设计思路）
    1. 接收端流程
       (1) 创建套接字
           sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
           
       (2) 绑定IP和端口到socket
           struct sockaddr_in addr;
           
           bzero(&addr, sizeof(addr));
           addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
           addr.sin_port = htons(port);
           addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(ip);
           // addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
           
           ret = bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr));
           
       (3) 接收
           struct sockaddr_in peer_addr;
           socklen_t addrlen = sizeof(peer_addr);
           
           ret = recvfrom(sockfd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&peer_addr, &addrlen);
           
       (3) 关闭
           close(sockfd);
           
       
    2. 发送端流程
       (1) 创建套接字
           sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
           
       (2) 设置套接字，使能广播
           int on = 1;
           
           ret = setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, &on, sizeof(on));
           if (-1 == set){
             
           }
           
           SOL_SOCKET:          设置的选项在socket层
           SO_BROADCAST:        设置是否允许广播 0 - 不能 1-可以
           
       (3) 通过广播地址发送广播
           struct sockaddr_in broad_addr;
           
           bzero(&broad_addr, sizeof(broad_addr));
           broad_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
           broad_addr.sin_port = htons(port);
           broad_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(一定填广播(192.168.0.255));
           
           ret = sendto(sockfd, buf, len, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&broad_addr, sizeof(broad_addr));
           
       (4) 关闭
           clos(sockfd);

           

广播（代码）

一、发送端

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <strings.h>

#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>

int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
    int ret ;
    int on=1 ;
    int sockfd;
    char packet[1024];
    struct sockaddr_in  broad_addr;

    if(argc < 3){
        fprintf(stderr, "Usage : %s <>",argv[0]);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
    if(-1 == sockfd){
        perror("fail to socket");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    ret = setsockopt(sockfd,SOL_SOCKET,SO_BROADCAST,&on,sizeof(on));
    if(-1 == ret){
        perror("fail to setsockopt");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    bzero(&broad_addr,sizeof(broad_addr));
    broad_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    broad_addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
    broad_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.0.255");
    
    while(1){
        putchar('>');
        fgets(packet,sizeof(packet),stdin);
        packet[strlen(packet) - 1] = '\0';

        if(strcmp(packet,"quit") == 0){
            break;
        }
    ret = sendto(sockfd,packet,sizeof(packet),0,(struct sockaddr *)&broad_addr,sizeof(broad_addr));
    if(-1 == ret){
        perror("fail to sendto");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    }
    close(sockfd);

    
    return 0;
}

二、接收端

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <strings.h>

#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>

// ./recv 192.168.2.255 8888
int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
	int ret;
	int sockfd;
	char packet[1024];
	struct sockaddr_in broad_addr;
	struct sockaddr_in peer_addr;
	socklen_t addrlen = sizeof(peer_addr);
	
	if (argc < 3){
		fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <broadcast ip> <port>\n", argv[0]);
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	
	// 1. 创建报文套接字
	sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
	if (-1 == sockfd){
		perror("Fail to socket.");
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	
	// 2. 绑定广播地址和端口
	bzero(&broad_addr, sizeof(broad_addr));
	broad_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	broad_addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
	// broad_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
	broad_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
	
	ret = bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&broad_addr, sizeof(broad_addr));
	if (-1 == ret){
		perror("Fail to bind.");
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	
	while (1){
		// 3. 接收广播
		ret = recvfrom(sockfd, packet, sizeof(packet), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&peer_addr, &addrlen);
		if (-1 == ret){
			perror("Fail to recvfrom.");
			break;
		}
		packet[ret] = '\0';
		
		printf("---------------------------------------\n");
		printf("ip       : %s\n", inet_ntoa(peer_addr.sin_addr));
		printf("port     : %d\n", ntohs(peer_addr.sin_port));
		printf("recv(%d)  : %s\n", ret, packet);
		printf("---------------------------------------\n");
		if (strcmp(packet, "quit") == 0){
			break;
		}
	}
	
	// 4. 关闭套接字
	close(sockfd);
	
	return 0;
}