注解的使用案例两则
1.学生类、教师类、课程管理类
1)教师类
public class Teacher {
@WriteIn("张老师")
private String name;
@WriteIn("英语")
private String course;
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Techer" + name + "教的" + course + "课";
}
}
2)学生类
public class Student {
private int num;
private String name;
public Student() {
}
public Student(int num, String name) {
this.num = num;
this.name = name;
}
public int getNum() {
return num;
}
public void setNum(int num) {
this.num = num;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "学号" + num + "的" + name + "同学";
}
}
3)课程管理类
public class CaurseManage {
@CreatOb
private Teacher teacher;
public static Student st1 = new Student(120801, "张海");
public static Student st2 = new Student(120803, "李海");
public void caurseM() {
System.out.println(st1 + "上午在301教室上" + teacher);
System.out.println(st2 + "下午在407教室上" + teacher);
}
}
2.注解类
1)注解WriteIn:将带参数的注解的参数设置成属性值
注解WriteIn:
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
/**
* 自定义一个属性注解Annotation.
* 使用这个注解时,将注解参数设置成属性值
*/
@Target({ ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.METHOD })
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface WriteIn {
public String value();
}
注解WriteIn的处理工具类AnnotationWI
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
/**
* 自定义注解WriteIn的处理工具.
* 实现将注解参数设置成属性值
*/
public class AnnotationWI {
public static void writeInData(Object ob) throws Exception {
// 获得ob对象的class对象
Class c = ob.getClass();
// 获得属性对象数组
Field[] fs = c.getDeclaredFields();
// 遍历该属性对象数组
for (Field f : fs) {
// 获得每个属性上的TeacherTC注解对象
WriteIn ttc = f.getAnnotation(WriteIn.class);
// 获得注解传入的value值
String v = ttc.value();
// 将value值赋给属性,因为属性被私有限制符修饰,故需要先访问私有属性再赋值
f.setAccessible(true);
f.set(ob, v);
}
}
}
2)使用注解创建对象
注解CreatOb
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
/**
* 自定义创建对象的注解
*/
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface CreatOb {
}
注解CreatOb的处理工具类AnnotationCO
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
/**
* 自定义创建对象的注解的处理工具
*/
public class AnnotationCO {
public static void CreatOB(Object ob) {
try {
// 获得ob的Class对象
Class c = ob.getClass();
// 获得teacher属性对象
Field f = c.getDeclaredField("teacher");
// 获得f变量的类型的Class对象[Teacher类的Class对象]
Class c2 = f.getType();
// 获得Teacher类的无参构造方法
Constructor con = c2.getDeclaredConstructor();
// 实例化对象
Object teacher = con.newInstance();
// 处理Teacher的WriteIn注解
AnnotationWI.writeInData(teacher);
// 将teacher对象作为属性对象f的值
f.setAccessible(true);
f.set(ob, teacher);
} catch (Exception ef) {
ef.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
3.测试类Test
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// @TeacherTC测试
Teacher te = new Teacher();
AnnotationWI.writeInData(te);
System.out.println(te);
// @CreatOb测试
CaurseManage cm = new CaurseManage();
AnnotationCO.CreatOB(cm);
cm.caurseM();
}
}
运行结果:
Techer张老师教的英语课
学号120801的张海同学上午在301教室上Techer张老师教的英语课
学号120803的李海同学下午在407教室上Techer张老师教的英语课