Ubuntu18.04下安装python版的opencv4.1.2

断断续续折腾了挺久终于把python版的opencv4.1.2安装成功了，用这边博客来记录一下自己的安装过程。

首先建立文件夹

mkdir ~/opencv_install
cd opencv_install
ls

接下来更新
此处自己出现了很多dpkg的报错，

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo apt purge libx264-dev x264
sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake pkg-config libjpeg8-dev libtiff5-dev libpng12-0
sudo apt install v4l-utils libv4l-dev libgphoto2-dev libgstreamer1.0-0 libgstreamer1.0-dev x264

最后采用下面链接的方式进行了处理
https://lib.im/linux/linux-dpkg-warning
每个dpkg是一个一个处理的，好像一起处理容易出问题，处理过程中可用如下程序

sudo mv info info.bak
sudo mkdir info
sudo apt-get --reinstall install
sudo cp -Rf /var/lib/dpkg/info/* /var/lib/dpkg/info.bak/
sudo rm -rf info
sudo mv info.bak info

sudo apt-get --reinstall install `dpkg --get-selections | grep '[[:space:]]install' | cut -f1`
sudo dpkg --configure -a

cd /usr/include/linux/
sudo ln -s -f ../libv4l1-videodev.h videodev.h
cd ~/opencv_install
sudo apt install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libxvidcore-dev
sudo apt install libgtk-3-dev libatlas-base-dev gfortran python3.6-dev python2.7-dev libtiff-dev
wget "https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py"
sudo python3 get-pip.py
sudo pip install numpy
sudo pip3 install numpy

获取安装包，由于自己的终端没有代理，如果直接用链接在终端安装会失败于是自己先去把安装包给下载了，用电脑下载opencv有点难（尽管已经可以用谷歌科学上网），最后自己用手机（记得科学上网）进opencv下载了安装包（opencv-4.1.2.zip和 opencv_contrib-4.1.2.tar.gz），接下来进行解压及安装

tar xvf opencv_contrib-4.1.2.tar.gz
mkdir opencv
cd opencv/
cp ../opencv-4.1.2.zip .
unzip opencv-4.1.2.zip
cd opencv-4.1.2/
mkdir build
cd build

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D WITH_V4L=ON -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON -D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=OFF -D PYTHON_EXECUTABLE=/usr/bin/python3.6 -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=../../opencv_contrib-4.1.2/modules ..

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D WITH_V4L=ON -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON -D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=OFF -D PYTHON_EXECUTABLE=/usr/bin/python3.6 -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=../../../opencv_contrib-4.1.2/modules ..

make -j4
make
sudo make install
sudo ldconfig