重载日历（一）

Implement the operator ++(prefix), --(prefix), ++(postfix), --(postfix), in the class Date
class Date
{
public:
  Date(int y=0, int m=1, int d=1); 
  static bool leapyear(int year);
  int getYear() const;
  int getMonth() const;
  int getDay() const;

  friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&, const Date&);  
  // add any member you need here 
};

You implementation should enable the usage like this:
void f()
{
  Date date(2004,2,28);
  cout << "date = " << date << endl;
  cout << "++date = " << ++date << endl;
  cout << "--date = " << --date << endl;
  cout << "date++ = " << date++ << endl;
  cout << "date-- = " << date-- << endl;
  cout << "date = " << date << endl;
}

The output of f() should be:

date = 2004-2-28
++date = 2004-2-29
--date = 2004-2-28
date++ = 2004-2-28
date-- = 2004-2-29
date = 2004-2-28

提交时不需要提交operator << 重载。

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Date
{
public:
    Date(int y=0, int m=1, int d=1);
    static bool leapyear(int year);
    int getYear() const;
    int getMonth() const;
    int getDay() const;
    Date operator++();
    Date operator++(int x);
    Date operator--();
    Date operator--(int x);
    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&, const Date&);
    // add any member you need here
private:
    int year;
    int month;
    int day;
};
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include"1001.h"
using namespace std;

ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Date& date)
{
  os << date.getYear() << "-" << date.getMonth() << "-" << date.getDay();
  return os;
}



/*
f3_1() test for:
  operator 
  ++(prefix), --(prefix), 
  ++(postfix), --(postfix), 
*/

void f3_1(const Date& d)
{
  Date date = d;
  cout << "date = " << date << endl;
  cout << "++date = " << ++date << endl;
  cout << "--date = " << --date << endl;
  cout << "date++ = " << date++ << endl;
  cout << "date-- = " << date-- << endl;
  cout << "date = " << date << endl;

  cout << endl;
}



void f3()
{
  Date date1, date2(2004,2,28), date3(2007,2,28),date4(2000,2,28),date5(99,12,31);
  f3_1(date1);
  f3_1(date2);
  f3_1(date3);
  f3_1(date4);
  f3_1(date5);
}


int main()
{
  f3();
  //system("PAUSE");
  return 0;
}

Date::Date(int y, int m, int d):year(y),month(m),day(d){}
bool Date::leapyear(int year)
{
    if((year%400)==0||(year%4==0&&year%100!=0))
        return true;
    return false;
}
int Date::getYear() const
{
    return year;
}
int Date::getMonth() const
{
    return month;
}
int Date::getDay() const
{
    return day;
}
Date Date::operator++()
{
    day++;
    int a[13]={0,31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31};
    int b[13]={0,31,29,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31};
    if(leapyear(year))
    {
        if(day>b[month]){
            day=1;month++;
        }
        if(month>12){
            month=1;year++;day=1;
        }
    }
    else{
        if(day>a[month]){
            day=1;month++;
        }
        if(month>12){
            month=1;year++;day=1;
        }
    }
    return *this;
}
Date Date::operator++(int x)
{
    Date temp(year,month,day);
    day++;
    int a[13]={0,31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31};
    int b[13]={0,31,29,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31};
    if(leapyear(year))
    {
        if(day>b[month]){
            day=1;month++;
        }
        if(month>12){
            month=1;year++;day=1;
        }
    }
    else{
        if(day>a[month]){
            day=1;month++;
        }
        if(month>12){
            month=1;year++;day=1;
        }
    }
    return temp;
}
Date Date::operator--()
{
    day--;
    int a[13]={0,31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31};
    int b[13]={0,31,29,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31};
    if(leapyear(year))
    {
        if(day==0)
        {
            month--;
            day=b[month];
        }
        if(month==0)
        {
            year--;
            month=12;
            day=31;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        if(day==0)
        {
            month--;
            day=a[month];
        }
        if(month==0)
        {
            year--;
            month=12;
            day=31;
        }
    }
    return *this;
}
Date Date::operator--(int x)
{
    Date temp(year,month,day);
    day--;
    int a[13]={0,31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31};
    int b[13]={0,31,29,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31};
    if(leapyear(year))
    {
        if(day==0)
        {
            month--;
            day=b[month];
        }
        if(month==0)
        {
            year--;
            month=12;
            day=31;
        }
    }
        else{
            if(day==0)
            {
                month--;
                day=a[month];
            }
            if(month==0)
            {
                year--;
                month=12;
                day=31;
            }
        }
    return temp;


}

心得：
（1）如果在类的声明构造函数里面有了默认参数，那么在定义的时候就不能够再写出参数了；
（2）++的思路是：先让日期加一，然后判断是否是闰年，然后判断日期数目是否大于本月份的日期数目，然后再判断月份数目是否大于12；

if(leapyear(year))
    {
        if(day>b[month]){
            day=1;month++;
        }
        if(month>12){
            month=1;year++;day=1;
        }
    }

（2） - -的思路是：先让日期减一，然后判断是否是闰年，然后判断日期数目是否等于0，然后再判断月份数目是否等于0；

 if(leapyear(year))
    {
        if(day==0)
        {
            month--;
            day=b[month];
        }
        if(month==0)
        {
            year--;
            month=12;
            day=31;
        }
    }