Java集合之面试篇

鉴于Android面试中对java基础很是看中而集合又是基础中的核心部分，所以有必要好好学习下集合的相关知识，这篇博客的原则如下

不分析任何源码方法，只看源码注释

Iterable

public interface Iterable<T>{}

Implementing this interface allows an object to be the target of the "for-each loop" statement(通过实现这个接口允许一个对象成为foreach循环语句的目标)

Collection

public interface Collection<E> extends Iterable<E> {}

A collection
 * represents a group of objects, known as its <i>elements</i>.  Some
 * collections allow duplicate elements and others do not.  Some are ordered
 * and others unordered.  The JDK does not provide any <i>direct</i>
 * implementations of this interface: it provides implementations of more
 * specific subinterfaces like <tt>Set</tt> and <tt>List</tt>
 (代表一组对象，为人所知的是他的元素集，一些集合允许重复的元素，另外一些不允许，一些是有顺序的而另外一些是无序的，JDK不提供这个接口的直接实现，他提供更多子接口（比如List和Set）实现)

List

public interface List<E> extends Collection<E> {}

An ordered collection (also known as a <i>sequence</i>)(有序集合)
Unlike sets, lists typically allow duplicate elements（与Set不同，List允许重复的元素）

Set

public interface Set<E> extends Collection<E> {}

A collection that contains no duplicate elements.（不包含重复的集合）

ArrayList

public class ArrayList<E> extends AbstractList<E>
        implements List<E>, RandomAccess, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable{}

Resizable-array implementation of the <tt>List</tt> interface(实现List接口的长度可变数组)

Note that this implementation is not synchronized.（线程不安全）

LinkedList

public class LinkedList<E>
    extends AbstractSequentialList<E>
    implements List<E>, Deque<E>, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable{}

 Doubly-linked list implementation of the {@code List} and {@code Deque}
 interfaces(List和Deque的双链表实现)

Note that this implementation is not synchronized.(这个类不是线程安全的)

Vector

public class Vector<E>
    extends AbstractList<E>
    implements List<E>, RandomAccess, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable{}

The {@code Vector} class implements a growable array of objects (数组对象长度可变)

几乎等同于ArrayList但是这个类在方法名前声明了“synchronized”，所以是线程安全的

关于HashMap和HashTable的介绍请看我的这篇博客

HashMap和HashTable

HashSet

public class HashSet<E>
    extends AbstractSet<E>
    implements Set<E>, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable{}

This class implements the <tt>Set</tt> interface, backed by a hash table
  (actually a <tt>HashMap</tt> instance).(很明显 HashSet就是建立在HashMap的基础上)

Note that this implementation is not synchronized.（线程不安全）

TreeMap

A Red-Black tree based {@link NavigableMap} implementation.(红黑树)