WMI的官方例子

前言

好久不玩WMI, 已经不知道怎么写了。
找到msdn的一个例子。

实验

// WMI_test.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//

#include "pch.h"
#define _WIN32_DCOM
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <comdef.h>
#include <Wbemidl.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "wbemuuid.lib")

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	HRESULT hres;

	// Step 1: --------------------------------------------------
	// Initialize COM. ------------------------------------------

	hres = CoInitializeEx(0, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);
	if (FAILED(hres))
	{
		cout << "Failed to initialize COM library. Error code = 0x"
			<< hex << hres << endl;
		return 1;                  // Program has failed.
	}

	// Step 2: --------------------------------------------------
	// Set general COM security levels --------------------------

	hres = CoInitializeSecurity(
		NULL,
		-1,                          // COM authentication
		NULL,                        // Authentication services
		NULL,                        // Reserved
		RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_DEFAULT,   // Default authentication 
		RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // Default Impersonation  
		NULL,                        // Authentication info
		EOAC_NONE,                   // Additional capabilities 
		NULL                         // Reserved
	);


	if (FAILED(hres))
	{
		cout << "Failed to initialize security. Error code = 0x"
			<< hex << hres << endl;
		CoUninitialize();
		return 1;                    // Program has failed.
	}

	// Step 3: ---------------------------------------------------
	// Obtain the initial locator to WMI -------------------------

	IWbemLocator *pLoc = NULL;

	hres = CoCreateInstance(
		CLSID_WbemLocator,
		0,
		CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
		IID_IWbemLocator, (LPVOID *)&pLoc);

	if (FAILED(hres))
	{
		cout << "Failed to create IWbemLocator object."
			<< " Err code = 0x"
			<< hex << hres << endl;
		CoUninitialize();
		return 1;                 // Program has failed.
	}

	// Step 4: -----------------------------------------------------
	// Connect to WMI through the IWbemLocator::ConnectServer method

	IWbemServices *pSvc = NULL;

	// Connect to the root\cimv2 namespace with
	// the current user and obtain pointer pSvc
	// to make IWbemServices calls.
	hres = pLoc->ConnectServer(
		_bstr_t(L"ROOT\\CIMV2"), // Object path of WMI namespace
		NULL,                    // User name. NULL = current user
		NULL,                    // User password. NULL = current
		0,                       // Locale. NULL indicates current
		NULL,                    // Security flags.
		0,                       // Authority (for example, Kerberos)
		0,                       // Context object 
		&pSvc                    // pointer to IWbemServices proxy
	);

	if (FAILED(hres))
	{
		cout << "Could not connect. Error code = 0x"
			<< hex << hres << endl;
		pLoc->Release();
		CoUninitialize();
		return 1;                // Program has failed.
	}

	cout << "Connected to ROOT\\CIMV2 WMI namespace" << endl;


	// Step 5: --------------------------------------------------
	// Set security levels on the proxy -------------------------

	hres = CoSetProxyBlanket(
		pSvc,                        // Indicates the proxy to set
		RPC_C_AUTHN_WINNT,           // RPC_C_AUTHN_xxx
		RPC_C_AUTHZ_NONE,            // RPC_C_AUTHZ_xxx
		NULL,                        // Server principal name 
		RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_CALL,      // RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_xxx 
		RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_xxx
		NULL,                        // client identity
		EOAC_NONE                    // proxy capabilities 
	);

	if (FAILED(hres))
	{
		cout << "Could not set proxy blanket. Error code = 0x"
			<< hex << hres << endl;
		pSvc->Release();
		pLoc->Release();
		CoUninitialize();
		return 1;               // Program has failed.
	}

	// Step 6: --------------------------------------------------
	// Use the IWbemServices pointer to make requests of WMI ----

	// For example, get the name of the operating system
	// 在这就可以访问WMI中的命名空间的名称了. e.g. Win32_OperatingSystem
	IEnumWbemClassObject* pEnumerator = NULL;
	hres = pSvc->ExecQuery(
		bstr_t("WQL"),
		bstr_t("SELECT * FROM Win32_OperatingSystem"),
		WBEM_FLAG_FORWARD_ONLY | WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,
		NULL,
		&pEnumerator);

	if (FAILED(hres))
	{
		cout << "Query for operating system name failed."
			<< " Error code = 0x"
			<< hex << hres << endl;
		pSvc->Release();
		pLoc->Release();
		CoUninitialize();
		return 1;               // Program has failed.
	}

	// Step 7: -------------------------------------------------
	// Get the data from the query in step 6 -------------------

	IWbemClassObject *pclsObj = NULL;
	ULONG uReturn = 0;

	while (pEnumerator)
	{
		HRESULT hr = pEnumerator->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, 1,
			&pclsObj, &uReturn);

		if (0 == uReturn)
		{
			break;
		}

		VARIANT vtProp;

		// win32-operatingsystem 的属性定义
		// https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/desktop/cimwin32prov/win32-operatingsystem

		// 取属性内容, 试试各种属性的类型(string, int, bool, etc..)

		// Data type: string
		hr = pclsObj->Get(L"BootDevice", 0, &vtProp, 0, 0);
		wprintf(L"BootDevice : %s\n", vtProp.bstrVal);
		VariantClear(&vtProp);

		// Data type: sint16
		hr = pclsObj->Get(L"CurrentTimeZone", 0, &vtProp, 0, 0);
		wprintf(L"CurrentTimeZone : %d\n", vtProp.uiVal);
		VariantClear(&vtProp);
		
		// Data type: boolean
		hr = pclsObj->Get(L"DataExecutionPrevention_32BitApplications", 0, &vtProp, 0, 0);
		wprintf(L"DataExecutionPrevention_32BitApplications : %s\n", vtProp.boolVal ? L"true" : L"false");
		VariantClear(&vtProp);

		// Data type: datetime
		hr = pclsObj->Get(L"InstallDate", 0, &vtProp, 0, 0);
		// +		bstrVal	0x012e4924 L"20180804002635.000000+480"	wchar_t *
		// 不知道怎么将返回的时间值专程时间字符串
		// C#的实现msdn上有, c++的没有
		wprintf(L"InstallDate : %s\n", vtProp.bstrVal);
		VariantClear(&vtProp);

		// 不玩了, 返回值所在的正确的成员可以在vs2017调试器的监视窗口中看到
		// 然后展开vtProp的节点，看哪个成员和vtProp顶层节点的值相同，就用哪个值
		/**
		-		vtProp	BSTR = 0x00b7424c L"20180804002635.000000+480"	tagVARIANT
+		BSTR	0x00b7424c L"20180804002635.000000+480"	wchar_t *
		vt	0x0008	unsigned short
+		[原始视图]	{vt=0x0008 wReserved1=0x0000 wReserved2=0x0000 ...}	tagVARIANT
		*/

		pclsObj->Release();
	}

	// Cleanup
	// ========

	pSvc->Release();
	pLoc->Release();
	pEnumerator->Release();
	CoUninitialize();

	return 0;   // Program successfully completed.

}