F#入门-第五章 F#开发实例-第二节创建文字编辑器(二)

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/LuLingNiu/article/details/5905366

在上节中，我们创建了最简易的文字编辑器。现在，我们在该窗口中添加菜单。

添加菜单

open System;;

open System.Windows.Forms;;



//Editor类

type Editor = class inherit Form as base

        val edit : RichTextBox;

        //构造器

        new () as this ={edit=new RichTextBox()}

                then

                this.edit.Dock <- DockStyle.Fill;

                this.Controls.Add(this.edit);

                let mainmenu = this.Menu <- new MainMenu() in

                let menu_file = this.Menu.MenuItems.Add("文件(&F)") in

                let mitem_open = menu_file.MenuItems.Add("打开文件(&O)") in

                let mitem_end = menu_file.MenuItems.Add("退出(&x)") in

                mitem_end.Click.Add(fun _ -> this.Close())

end;;

[<STAThread>]

do System.Windows.Forms.Application.Run(new Editor());;

    菜单的结构如下所示。
    MainMenu类
    MenuItem类(文件）
    MenuItem类（打开文件）
    MenuItem类（退出）

    就象程序中书写的那样，通过父类的Add方法追加子菜单，完成创建菜单。进行点击时，可以在程序中把一个参数的函数传给Click.Add方法。这里因为简化了程序，只记载了点击退出菜单时的动作。

    同时，如果在菜单项的名字的最后加上&符号，可以添加快捷菜单。这个程序起动后，如果先后按下Alt+F,Alt+x键，则退出程序。

接下来，让我们编写程序打开文件。

追加打开文件的功能

open System;;

open System.IO;;

open System.Windows.Forms;;



//Editor类

type Editor = class inherit Form as base

        val edit : RichTextBox;

        //构造器

        new () as this ={edit=new RichTextBox()}

                then

                this.edit.Dock <- DockStyle.Fill;

                this.Controls.Add(this.edit);

                let mainmenu = this.Menu <- new MainMenu() in

                let menu_file = this.Menu.MenuItems.Add("文件(&F)") in

                let mitem_open = menu_file.MenuItems.Add("打开文件(&O)") in

                let mitem_end = menu_file.MenuItems.Add("退出(&x)") in

                mitem_end.Click.Add(fun _ -> this.Close());

                mitem_open.Click.Add(this.openfile)

        member this.openfile _ =

                let ofd = new OpenFileDialog() in

                ofd.Filter <- "text files *.txt|*.txt|All files *.*|*.*";

                ofd.FilterIndex <- 1;

                if ofd.ShowDialog() = DialogResult.OK then

        let str  = new StreamReader(ofd.FileName) in

        let text = str.ReadToEnd () in

        this.edit.Text <- text

end;;

[<STAThread>]

do System.Windows.Forms.Application.Run(new Editor());;

    因为要进行的操作比较多，所以将打开文件的功能，用成员函数在别处单独定义。创建openfile函数，在该函数中
    1.创建OpenFileDialog(打开文件对话框）
    2.设置该对话框的过滤器。
    3.设置默认选取的过滤器（显示扩展名为.txt的文件)
    4.显示对话框
    5.读取文件，读入TextBox。
    象这样，可以象.Net其他语言那样使用.Net里现成的类、控件、功能，从而简化变成过程。

最后，添加保存文件功能。下例为完成后的程序。

完成后的简易文件编辑器

open System;;

open System.IO;;

open System.Windows.Forms;;



//Editor类

type Editor = class inherit Form as base

        val edit : RichTextBox;

        //构造器

        new () as this ={edit=new RichTextBox()}

                then

                this.edit.Dock <- DockStyle.Fill;

                this.Controls.Add(this.edit);

                let mainmenu = this.Menu <- new MainMenu() in

                let menu_file = this.Menu.MenuItems.Add("文件(&F)") in

                let mitem_open = menu_file.MenuItems.Add("打开文件(&O)") in

                let mitem_save = menu_file.MenuItems.Add("保存文件(&S)") in

                let mitem_end = menu_file.MenuItems.Add("退出(&x)") in

                mitem_end.Click.Add(fun _ -> this.Close());

                mitem_open.Click.Add(this.openfile)

                mitem_save.Click.Add(this.savefile);

         //打开文件

        member this.openfile _ =

                let ofd = new OpenFileDialog() in

                ofd.Filter <- "text files *.txt|*.txt|All files *.*|*.*";

                ofd.FilterIndex <- 1;

                if ofd.ShowDialog() = DialogResult.OK then

                        let str  = new StreamReader(ofd.FileName,Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312")) in

                        let text = str.ReadToEnd () in

                        this.edit.Text <- text;

                        str.Close()

        //保存文件

        member this.savefile _ =

                let sfd = new SaveFileDialog() in

                sfd.FileName <- "新建文本文件.txt";

                sfd.InitialDirectory <- ".";

                sfd.Filter <- "text files *.txt|*.txt|All files *.*|*.*";

                sfd.FilterIndex <- 1;

                if sfd.ShowDialog() = DialogResult.OK then

                        let sw = new StreamWriter(sfd.FileName,false,Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312")) in

                        sw.WriteLine(this.edit.Text);

                        sw.Close()

end;;

[<STAThread>]

do System.Windows.Forms.Application.Run(new Editor());;