2008 May 8th Thursday (五月 八日 木曜日）

There is a example about how to register a character device. #include <linux/kernel.h> #include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/fs.h> #include <asm/uaccess.h> int init_module(void); void cleanup_module(void); static intdevice_open(struct inode*, struct file*); static intdevice_release(structinode*, struct file*); static ssize_tdevice_read(struct file*, char*, size_t, loff_t*); static ssize_tdevice_write(struct file*, constchar*, size_t, loff_t*); #define SUCCESS 0 #define DEVICE_NAME "chardev" /*Dev name as it appears in /proc/devices */ #define BUF_LEN 80 /*Max length of the message from the device*/ /* * Global variables are declared as static, so are global within the file. */ static int Major; /*Major number assigned to our device driver*/ static int Device_Open=0; /*Is device open? * Used to prevent multiple access to device */ staticcharmsg[BUF_LEN]; /*The msg the device will give when asked*/ staticchar*msg_Ptr; static struct file_operations fops = {     .read = device_read,     .write = device_write,     .open = device_open,     .release = device_release, }; int init_module(){     Major = register_chrdev(0, DEVICE_NAME, &fops);         if (Major < 0){         printk("Registering the character device failed with %d/n", Major);         return Major;     }         printk("<1>I was assigned major number%d. To talk to/n",Major);     printk("<1>the driver, create a devfile with/n");     printk("'mknod/dev/helloc%d0'./n",Major);     printk("<1>Try various min or numbers. Try to cat and echo to/n");     printk("the device file./n");     printk("<1>Remove the device file and module when done./n");         return 0; } void cleanup_module(){     int ret = unregister_chrdev(Major, DEVICE_NAME);     if (ret < 0)         printk("Error in unregister_chrdev: %d/n", ret); } /* * Called when a process tries to open the device file, like * "cat /dev/mycharfile" */ static int device_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file){     static int counter=0;     if(Device_Open)         return -EBUSY;         Device_Open++;     sprintf(msg,"I already told you %d times Hello world!/n", counter++);     msg_Ptr=msg;     try_module_get(THIS_MODULE);     return SUCCESS; } /* * Called when a process closes the device file. */ static int device_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file){     Device_Open--;  /*We're now ready for our next caller*/     /*     * Decrement the usage count, or else once you opened the file, you'll     * never get get rid of the module.     */     module_put(THIS_MODULE);     return0; } /* * Called when a process, which already opened the dev file, attempts to * read from it. */ static ssize_t device_read(struct file *filp, /*see include/linux/fs.h */                             char *buffer, /*buffer to fill with data*/                             size_t length, /*length of the buffer */                             loff_t *offset){     /*     * Number of bytes actually written to the buffer     */     intbytes_read=0;         /*     * If we're at the end of the message,     * return 0 signifying end of file     */     if(*msg_Ptr==0)         return 0;     /*     * Actually put the data into the buffer     */     while(length && *msg_Ptr){         /*         * The buffer is in the user data segment,not the kernel         * segment so "*" assignment won't work. We have to use         * put_user which copies data from the kernel data segment to         * the user data segment.         */         put_user(*(msg_Ptr++),buffer++);         length--;         bytes_read++;     }     /*     * Most read functions return the number of bytes put into the buffer     */     return bytes_read; } /* * Called when a process writes to dev file: echo "hi" > /dev/hello */ static ssize_t device_write(struct file *filp,const char *buff,size_t len,loff_t *off){     printk("<1>Sorry, this operation isn't supported./n");     return -EINVAL; }