java笔记 泛型Generic

泛型的引出

但是如果我们不小心添加了其他类进去,如下图,就会报错

传统方法存在的问题及泛型的演示


加了泛型以后, 在遍历的时候 , 可以直接取出Dog类型,而不是Object
泛型的好处

泛型介绍
泛型就是一种可以表示数据类型的数据类型

泛型实例
特别强调:E具体的数据类型在定义Person对象的时候指定,即在编译期间,就确定E是什么类型的了

泛型的语法

泛型应用实例

代码如下

public class Student {
    public String name;
    public int age;

    public Student(String name, int age) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

import java.util.*;

public class TestGeneric02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        HashSet<Student> students = new HashSet<Student>();
        students.add(new Student("小明", 12));
        students.add(new Student("小红", 11));
        students.add(new Student("小白", 13));
        
        //遍历
        for (Student student : students) {
            System.out.println("student = " + student);
        }


        HashMap<String, Student> studentMap = new HashMap<String, Student>();
        studentMap.put("tom",new Student("tom",38));
        studentMap.put("jerry",new Student("jerry",28));
        studentMap.put("smith",new Student("smith",48));

        //迭代器 EntrySet
        /**
         * entrySet源码
         * K --> String , V --> Student
         * public Set<Map.Entry<K,V>> entrySet() {
         *         Set<Map.Entry<K,V>> es;
         *         return (es = entrySet) == null ? (entrySet = new EntrySet()) : es;
         *     }
         */
        Set<Map.Entry<String, Student>> entries = studentMap.entrySet();

        Iterator<Map.Entry<String, Student>> iterator = entries.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            Map.Entry<String, Student> next =  iterator.next();
            System.out.println(next.getKey() + next.getValue());
        }
    }
}