ASP.NET 实现文件下载的几种方法

一、调用 TransmitFile 方法。

缺点：对于浏览器能解析的文件类型，不会弹出保存框，直接被浏览器显示。例如：TXT,XML等

代码样例：

              Response.ContentType = "application/x-zip-compressed"; Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=test.zip"); string filename = Server.MapPath("DownLoad/test.zip"); Response.TransmitFile(filename);

 

 二、调用 WritFile 方法

缺点同上。

代码样例“

string fileName ="aaa.zip";//客户端保存的文件名 string filePath=Server.MapPath("DownLoad/aaa.zip");//路径 FileInfo fileInfo = new FileInfo(filePath); Response.Clear(); Response.ClearContent(); Response.ClearHeaders(); Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName); Response.AddHeader("Content-Length", fileInfo.Length.ToString()); Response.AddHeader("Content-Transfer-Encoding", "binary"); Response.ContentType = "application/octet-stream"; Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312"); Response.WriteFile(fileInfo.FullName); Response.Flush(); Response.End();

三、分块下载

特点：适合传输大文件。没有浏览器直接显示文件的缺点。

string fileName = "aaa.zip";//客户端保存的文件名 string filePath = Server.MapPath("DownLoad/aaa.zip");//路径 System.IO.FileInfo fileInfo = new System.IO.FileInfo(filePath); if (fileInfo.Exists == true) { const long ChunkSize = 102400;//100K 每次读取文件，只读取100Ｋ，这样可以缓解服务器的压力 byte[] buffer = new byte[ChunkSize]; Response.Clear(); System.IO.FileStream iStream = System.IO.File.OpenRead(filePath); long dataLengthToRead = iStream.Length;//获取下载的文件总大小 Response.ContentType = "application/octet-stream"; Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(fileName)); while (dataLengthToRead > 0 && Response.IsClientConnected) { int lengthRead = iStream.Read(buffer, 0, Convert.ToInt32(ChunkSize));//读取的大小 Response.OutputStream.Write(buffer, 0, lengthRead); Response.Flush(); dataLengthToRead = dataLengthToRead - lengthRead; } Response.Close(); }

四、BinaryWrite 方法

特点:与方法三一样避免了浏览器的直接解析，也是通过二进制流传输，但是不是分块提供下载，而是整个文件一次传输，适合下载小文件。

代码样例：

string fileName = "aaa.zip";//客户端保存的文件名 string filePath = Server.MapPath("DownLoad/aaa.zip");//路径 //以字符流的形式下载文件 FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open); byte[] bytes = new byte[(int)fs.Length]; fs.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length); fs.Close(); Response.Clear(); Response.ContentType = "application/octet-stream"; //通知浏览器下载文件而不是打开 Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(fileName, System.Text.Encoding.UTF8)); Response.BinaryWrite(bytes); Response.Flush(); Response.End();

五、ContentType设置改进

ASP.NET中设置文件下载总结起来就是三个步骤：

1.设置Response的报文头。

最主要的是设置Content-Type,Content-Disposition

2.读出文件，写入Response流

3.发送，也就是先Flush,再End.

在这里有一个根据系统注册表自动设置文件Content-Type的方法：

  string saveFileName = "test.exe"; int intStart = filename.LastIndexOf("//") + 1; saveFileName = filename.Substring(intStart, filename.Length - intStart); System.IO.FileInfo fi = new System.IO.FileInfo(filename); string fileextname = fi.Extension; string DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE = "application/unknown"; RegistryKey regkey, fileextkey; string filecontenttype; try { regkey = Registry.ClassesRoot; fileextkey = regkey.OpenSubKey(fileextname); filecontenttype = fileextkey.GetValue("Content Type", DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE).ToString(); } catch { filecontenttype = DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE; } Response.Clear(); Response.Charset = "utf-8"; Response.Buffer = true; this.EnableViewState = false; Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8; Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + saveFileName); Response.ContentType = filecontenttype; Response.WriteFile(filename); Response.Flush(); Response.Close(); Response.End();