Java-002 selenium元素定位

1.selenium定位方法

Selenium提供了8种定位方式:
id
name
class name
tag name
link text
partial link text
xpath
css selector

这8种定位方式在Java selenium中所对应的方法为：
findElement(By.id())
findElement(By.name())
findElement(By.className())
findElement(By.tagName())
findElement(By.linkText())
findElement(By.partialLinkText())
findElement(By.xpath())
findElement(By.cssSelector())

2.xpath定位的常用写

xpath定位有N种写法，这里列几个常用写法：

driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='kw']"))
driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@name='wd']"))
driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@class='s_ipt']"))
driver.findElement(By.xpath("/html/body/form/span/input"))
driver.findElement(By.xpath("//span[@class='soutu-btn']/input"))
driver.findElement(By.xpath("//form[@id='form']/span/input"))
driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@id='kw' and @name='wd']"))

3.实战中可以将WebDriver初始化、登录功能、页面功能定义成不同的class类，将代码进行解耦

package it.itms;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

public class Login {

	public void firstLogin() throws Exception {

		try {
			Init.driver.get(Init.url);
			Thread.sleep(3000);
			Init.driver.findElement(By.id("acc_yhm")).sendKeys(Init.loginname);

			Init.driver.findElement(By.name("acc_mm")).sendKeys(Init.passwd);
			// 获取验证码信息，先获取验证码的标签，再获取标签的文本
			String code = Init.driver.findElement(By.id("code")).getText();
			Thread.sleep(3000);
			Init.driver.findElement(By.name("checkCode")).sendKeys(code);
			Init.driver.findElement(By.id("Submit")).click();
			// Thread.sleep(6000);
			String title = Init.driver.getTitle();
			System.out.println(title);
			if (!title.equals("当前页面的title")) {
				System.out.println("未进入登录界面");
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.out.println("页面无法打开");
			Init.driver.quit();
		}

	}
}