数据分析与结构2——matplotlib

绘制条形图

plt.bar

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager

my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname='C:\Windows\Fonts\STSONG.TTF')

x = ["战狼2","速度与\n激情8","功夫瑜伽","西游伏妖篇","变形金刚5：\n最后的骑士","摔跤吧！爸爸","加勒比海盗5：\n死无对证","金刚：\n骷髅岛","极限特工：\n终极回归","生化危机6：\n终章","乘风破浪","神偷奶爸3","智取威虎山","大闹天竺","金刚狼3：\n殊死一战","蜘蛛侠：\n英雄归来","悟空传","银河护卫队2","情圣","新木乃伊"]
y = [56.01,26.94,17.53,16.49,15.45,12.96,11.8,11.61,11.28,11.12,10.49,10.3,8.75,7.55,7.32,6.99,6.88,6.86,6.58,6.23]
plt.figure(figsize=(50,20),dpi=80)
plt.bar(range(len(x)),y,width=0.3)
plt.xticks(range(len(x)),x,fontproperties=my_font,rotation=90)

plt.xlabel('电影名',fontproperties=my_font)
plt.ylabel('票房（亿）',fontproperties=my_font)
plt.title('电影票房',fontproperties=my_font)


plt.show()

倒置的条形图

plt.barh

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager

my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname='C:\Windows\Fonts\STSONG.TTF')

x = ["战狼2","速度与\n激情8","功夫瑜伽","西游伏妖篇","变形金刚5：\n最后的骑士","摔跤吧！爸爸","加勒比海盗5：\n死无对证","金刚：\n骷髅岛","极限特工：\n终极回归","生化危机6：\n终章","乘风破浪","神偷奶爸3","智取威虎山","大闹天竺","金刚狼3：\n殊死一战","蜘蛛侠：\n英雄归来","悟空传","银河护卫队2","情圣","新木乃伊"]
y = [56.01,26.94,17.53,16.49,15.45,12.96,11.8,11.61,11.28,11.12,10.49,10.3,8.75,7.55,7.32,6.99,6.88,6.86,6.58,6.23]
plt.figure(figsize=(50,20),dpi=80)
plt.barh(range(len(x)),y,height=0.3,color='orange')
plt.yticks(range(len(x)),x,fontproperties=my_font)

plt.ylabel('电影名',fontproperties=my_font)
plt.xlabel('票房（亿）',fontproperties = my_font)
plt.title('电影票房',fontproperties = my_font)
plt.grid(alpha=0.3)

plt.show()

多个条形统计图

设置条形间隔

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager
my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname='C:\Windows\Fonts\STSONG.TTF')
a = ["猩球崛起3：\n终极之战","敦刻尔克","蜘蛛侠：\n英雄归来","战狼2"]
d_16 = [15746,312,4497,319]
d_15 = [12357,156,2045,168]
d_14 = [2358,399,2358,362]

bar_width = 0.2
x_14 = list(range(len(a)))
x_15 = [i + bar_width for i in x_14]
x_16 = [i + bar_width for i in x_15]

#设置图形大小
plt.figure(figsize=(50,10),dpi=80)
plt.bar(x_14,d_14,width=bar_width,label='2017年9月14日')
plt.bar(x_15,d_15,width=bar_width,label='2017年9月15日')
plt.bar(x_16,d_16,width=bar_width,label='2017年9月16日')

plt.xticks(x_15,a,fontproperties=my_font)
plt.xlabel('电影',fontproperties=my_font)
plt.ylabel('票房',fontproperties=my_font)

plt.grid(alpha=0.3)
plt.legend(prop=my_font)
plt.show()

绘制直方图

plt.hist

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager

plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)
a = [131, 98, 125, 131, 124, 139, 131, 117, 128, 108, 135, 138, 131, 102, 107, 114, 119, 128, 121, 142, 127, 130, 124, 101, 110, 116, 117, 110, 128, 128, 115, 99, 136, 126, 134, 95, 138, 117, 111,78, 132, 124, 113, 150, 110, 117, 86, 95, 144, 105, 126, 130,126, 130, 126, 116, 123, 106, 112, 138, 123, 86, 101, 99, 136,123, 117, 119, 105, 137, 123, 128, 125, 104, 109, 134, 125, 127,105, 120, 107, 129, 116, 108, 132, 103, 136, 118, 102, 120, 114,105, 115, 132, 145, 119, 121, 112, 139, 125, 138, 109, 132, 134,156, 106, 117, 127, 144, 139, 139, 119, 140, 83, 110, 102,123,107, 143, 115, 136, 118, 139, 123, 112, 118, 125, 109, 119, 133,112, 114, 122, 109, 106, 123, 116, 131, 127, 115, 118, 112, 135,115, 146, 137, 116, 103, 144, 83, 123, 111, 110, 111, 100, 154,136, 100, 118, 119, 133, 134, 106, 129, 126, 110, 111, 109, 141,120, 117, 106, 149, 122, 122, 110, 118, 127, 121, 114, 125, 126,114, 140, 103, 130, 141, 117, 106, 114, 121, 114, 133, 137, 92,121, 112, 146, 97, 137, 105, 98, 117, 112, 81, 97, 139, 113,134, 106, 144, 110, 137, 137, 111, 104, 117, 100, 111, 101, 110,105, 129, 137, 112, 120, 113, 133, 112, 83, 94, 146, 133, 101,131, 116, 111, 84, 137, 115, 122, 106, 144, 109, 123, 116, 111,111, 133, 150]

#计算组数
group_width = 3 #组距
num_bins = (max(a) - min(a))//group_width #组数

plt.hist(a,num_bins,density=True)


_xtick_label = range(min(a),max(a)+group_width,group_width)
#设置x轴刻度
plt.xticks(_xtick_label,rotation=45)
plt.grid(alpha=0.3)
plt.show()