SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ（注解实现）

1.引用依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>

2.配置RabbitMQ相关信息

spring:
    #RabbitMQ相关配置
  rabbitmq:
    #配置虚拟主机名称
    virtual-host: system1
    #RabbitMQ管理端口号：15672;服务端口号：5672
    port: 5672
    #配置使用者的名称和密码
    username: guest
    password: guest
    #配置消费者信息
    listener:
      simple:
        #设置每个监听者只能获取一条消息，处理完成才能获取下一条消息;作用：能者多劳
        prefetch: 1

3.设置生产者发送消息

package com.dds.util;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Producer {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    /**
     * 完成发送消息功能
     * @param exchangeName 交换机名称
     * @param routingKey routingKey值
     * @param message 消息内容
     */
    public void sendMessage(String exchangeName,String routingKey,String message){
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exchangeName,routingKey,message);
    }
}

4.设置交换机，消息队列，routingKey值并使用消费者监听消费消息

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.ExchangeTypes;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Slf4j
@Component
public class RabbitListener {
    //使用注解定义交换机，消息队列，routingKey值
    @org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(name = "pay_queue"),//设置队列
            exchange = @Exchange(name = "pay_exchange",type = ExchangeTypes.TOPIC),//设置交换机
            key = {"pay.#"}//设置routingKey值，routingKey值有多个以数组的形式定义
            ))
    public void pay(String message) throws InterruptedException {
        System.out.println("支付模块处理的任务："+message);
    }

    @org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(name = "order_queue"),//设置队列
            exchange = @Exchange(name = "order_exchange",type = ExchangeTypes.TOPIC),//设置交换机
            key = {"order.*"}//设置routingKey值，routingKey值有多个以数组的形式定义
    ))
    public void order(String message) throws InterruptedException {
        System.out.println("订单模块处理的任务:"+message);
    }
}

6.消息转换器

如果发送的消息是引用对象则需要序列化，建议采用JSON序列化
（1）引用依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
        </dependency>

（2）在生产者和消费者中配置MessageConverter

 //如果生产者和消费者是两个服务，则两个服务都需要配置
    @Bean
    public Jackson2JsonMessageConverter jacksonmessageConverter(){
        return new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter();
    }