1.建立一个人类(Person)和学生类(Student),功能要求如下:
- a. Person中包含4个数据成员name, addr, gender, age,分别表示姓名、地址、性别和年龄。设计一个输出方法talk()来显示这4种属性。
- b. Student类继承Person类,并增加成员Math、English存放数学与英语成绩。用1个六参构造方法、1个两参构造方法、1个无参构造方法和覆写输出方法talk()用于显示6种属性。对于构造方法参数个数不足以初始化4个数据成员时,在构造方法中采用自己指定默认值来实施初始化。
代码如下:(纯手打)
class Person
{
String name;
String addr;
String gender;
int age;
public Person(String name,String addr,String gender,int age) //构造函数
{
this.name = name;
this.addr = addr;
this.gender = gender;
this.age = age;
}
public String talk()
{
return "I am " + name + ".I live in " + addr + ".And I am " + age + " years old, a " + gender + ".";
}
}
class Student extends Person
{
int Math; //表示Math分数
int English;
public Student(String name,String addr,String gender,int age,int Math,int English) //六参构造函数
{
super(name, addr,gender,age);
this.Math = Math;
this.English = English;
}
public Student (int Math,int English) //构造方法重载1:两参构造函数
{
super("Mike", "America", "boy",20); //先实例化父类对象
this.Math = Math;
this.English = English;
}
public Student () //构造方法重载2:无参构造函数
{
super("Mike", "America", "boy",20);
Math = 90;
English = 90;
}
public String talk()
{
return super.talk()+"The Math score is " + Math + " and the English score is " + English + ".";
}
}
public class Test_8_6_1
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Person p = new Person("Jonh", "America", "boy", 21); //实例化父类对象
Student s1 = new Student("Joshua", "China", "boy", 30, 90, 90); //6实参
Student s2 = new Student(91, 91); //2实参
Student s3 = new Student(); //none实参
System.out.println(p.talk());
System.out.println(s1.talk());
System.out.println(s2.talk());
System.out.println(s3.talk());
}
}
运行结果如下:
I am Jonh.I live in America.And I am 21 years old, a boy.
I am Joshua.I live in China.And I am 30 years old, a boy.The Math score is 90 and the English score is 90.
I am Mike.I live in America.And I am 20 years old, a boy.The Math score is 91 and the English score is 91.
I am Mike.I live in America.And I am 20 years old, a boy.The Math score is 90 and the English score is 90.
2.定义一个instrument(乐器)类,并定义其公有方法play(),再分别定义其子类Wind(管乐器),Percussion(打击乐器),Stringed(弦乐器),覆写play方法,实现每种乐器独有的play方式。最后在测试类中使用多态的方法执行每个子类的paly()方法。
这题比较简单,主要考察对象多态性,代码:
class Instrument
{
public void play()
{
System.out.println("Choose one instrument and paly!");
}
}
class Wind extends Instrument
{
public void play()
{
System.out.println("I want to play Wind!");
}
}
class Percussion extends Instrument
{
public void play()
{
System.out.println("I want to play Percussion!");
}
}
class Stringed extends Instrument
{
public void play()
{
System.out.println("I want to play Stringed!");
}
}
public class Test_8_6_2
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Instrument i; //不实例化父类对象
Wind w = new Wind();
Percussion p = new Percussion();
Stringed s = new Stringed();
i = w; i.play();
i = p; i.play();
i = s; i.play(); //向上转型
}
}
运行结果:
I want to play Wind!
I want to play Percussion!
I want to play Stringed!