Java学习笔记39——网络编程03

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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-10 21:57:08 发布

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分类专栏：从零开始Java学习文章标签： java 学习笔记

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Lz0113/article/details/132954530

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TCP通信程序

TCP通信程序

TCP通信程序

TCP通信原理

TCP通信协议是一种可靠的网络协议，它在通信的两端各建立一个Socket对象，从而在通信的两端形成网络虚拟链路，一旦建立了虚拟的网络链路，两端的程序就可以通过虚拟链路进行通信

Java对基于TCP协议的的网络提供了良好的封装，使用Socket对象来代表两端的通信端口，并通过Socket产生O流来进行网络通信

TCP发送数据的步骤

创建客户端的socket对象（Socket）
Socket(String host,int port)
获取输出流，写数据
OutputStream getOutputStream()
释放资源
void close()

public class ClientDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建客户端的Socket
        //Socket s=new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),10000);
        Socket s=new Socket("127.0.0.1",10000);
        //获取输出流写数据
        OutputStream os=s.getOutputStream();
        os.write("Hello TCP!".getBytes());
        s.close();
    }
}

TCP接收数据的步骤

创建服务器端的socket对象（ServerSocket）
ServerSocket(int port)
监听客户端连接，返回一个对应的Socket对象
Socket accept()
获取输入流，读数据，并把数据显示在控制台
InputStream getInputStream()
释放资源
void close()

public class ServerDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket ss=new ServerSocket(10000);
        Socket s=ss.accept();
        InputStream is=s.getInputStream();
        byte[] bys=new byte[1024];
        int len=is.read(bys);
        String data=new String(bys,0,len);
        System.out.println(data);
        s.close();
        ss.close();
    }
}

TCP通讯程序练习

练习1

客户端:发送数据，接收服务器反馈
服务器:接收数据，给出反馈

public class ClientDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建客户端的Socket
        //Socket s=new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),10000);
        Socket s=new Socket("127.0.0.1",10000);
        //获取输出流写数据
        OutputStream os=s.getOutputStream();
        os.write("Hello TCP!".getBytes());
        //接收服务器的反馈
        InputStream is=s.getInputStream();
        byte[] bys=new byte[1024];
        int len=is.read(bys);
        String data=new String(bys,0,len);
        System.out.println("客户端："+data);
        s.close();
    }
}

public class ServerDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket ss=new ServerSocket(10000);
        Socket s=ss.accept();
        InputStream is=s.getInputStream();
        byte[] bys=new byte[1024];
        int len=is.read(bys);
        String data=new String(bys,0,len);
        System.out.println("服务器："+data);
        //给反馈
        OutputStream os=s.getOutputStream();
        os.write("已经收到!".getBytes());
        ss.close();
    }
}

练习2

数据来源于键盘录入，直到886结束
接收数据在控制台输出

public class ClientDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建客户端的Socket
        //Socket s=new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),10000);
        Socket s=new Socket("127.0.0.1",10000);
        //数据来自键盘录入
        BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        //封装输出流对象，用字符流传输
        BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(s.getOutputStream()));
        String line;
        while((line=br.readLine())!=null){
            if("886".equals(line))
                break;
            bw.write(line);
            bw.newLine();
            bw.flush();
//            OutputStream os=s.getOutputStream();
//            os.write(line.getBytes());
        }
        s.close();
    }
}

public class ServerDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket ss=new ServerSocket(10000);
        Socket s=ss.accept();
        InputStream is=s.getInputStream();
        InputStreamReader isr=new InputStreamReader(is);
        BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(isr);
        String line;
        while((line=br.readLine())!=null){
        System.out.println("服务器："+line);
        }

        ss.close();
    }
}

练习3

服务器将接收到的文本写入文件

public class ServerDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket ss=new ServerSocket(10010);
        Socket s=ss.accept();
        InputStream is=s.getInputStream();
        InputStreamReader isr=new InputStreamReader(is);
        BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(isr);
        BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("s.txt"));
        String line;
        while((line=br.readLine())!=null){
            bw.write("服务器："+line);
            bw.newLine();
            bw.flush();
        }
        bw.close();
        ss.close();
    }
}

练习4

客户端的输入来自文本文件
服务器端写入文本文件

public class ClientDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建客户端的Socket
        //Socket s=new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),10000);
        Socket s=new Socket("127.0.0.1",10010);
        //数据来自文本
        BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream("c.txt")));
        //封装输出流对象，用字符流传输
        BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(s.getOutputStream()));
        String line;
        while((line=br.readLine())!=null){
            if("886".equals(line))
                break;
            bw.write(line);
            bw.newLine();
            bw.flush();
        }
        br.close();
        s.close();
    }
}

练习5

客户端:数据来自于文本文件，接收服务器反馈
服务器:接收到的数据写入文本文件，给出反馈

public class ServerDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket ss=new ServerSocket(10010);
        Socket s=ss.accept();
        InputStream is=s.getInputStream();
        InputStreamReader isr=new InputStreamReader(is);
        BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(isr);
        BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("s.txt"));
        String line;
        while((line=br.readLine())!=null){
//            if("886".equals(line)){
//                break;
//            }
            bw.write("服务器："+line);
            bw.newLine();
            bw.flush();
        }
        //给反馈
        BufferedWriter bwServer=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(s.getOutputStream()));
        bwServer.write("文件上传成功！");
        bwServer.newLine();
        bwServer.flush();
        bw.close();
        ss.close();
    }
}

public class ClientDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建客户端的Socket
        //Socket s=new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"),10000);
        Socket s=new Socket("127.0.0.1",10010);
        //数据来自文本
        BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new FileReader("c.txt"));
        BufferedReader bbr=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream("c.txt")));
        //封装输出流对象，用字符流传输
        BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(s.getOutputStream()));
        String line;
        while((line=br.readLine())!=null){
            bw.write(line);
            bw.newLine();
            bw.flush();
        }
//        //自定义结束标记
//        bw.write("886");
//        bw.newLine();
//        bw.flush();
        s.shutdownOutput();
        //接受反馈
        BufferedReader brClient =new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
        String data=brClient.readLine();
        System.out.println("服务器反馈："+data);
        br.close();
        s.close();
    }
}

出现问题:程序一直等待

原因:读数据的方法是阻塞式的,
解决办法:自定义结束标记;使用shutdownOutput()

练习6

客户端:数据来自于文本文件，接收服务器反馈
服务器:接收到的数据写入文本文件，给出反馈，代码用线程进行封装，为每一个客户端开启一个线程

public class ServerThread implements Runnable {
    public Socket s;
    public ServerThread(Socket s) {
        this.s=s;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        //接收数据，写入文本
        try {
            BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
            BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("src/com/itheima07/s.txt"));
            String line;
            while ((line= br.readLine())!=null){
                bw.write(line);
                bw.newLine();
                bw.flush();
            }
            //给出反馈
            BufferedWriter bwServer=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(s.getOutputStream()));
            bwServer.write("文件上传成功!");
            bwServer.newLine();
            bwServer.flush();
            s.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}

public class ServerDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建服务器端Socket
        ServerSocket serverSocket=new ServerSocket(10010);
        while(true){//监听客户端连接，返回一个Socket对象
            Socket s = serverSocket.accept();
            //为每个客户端开启一个线程
            new Thread(new ServerThread(s)).start();
        }

    }
}

public class ClientDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建客户端的Socket
        Socket s=new Socket("127.0.0.1",10010);
        //数据来自文本
        BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new FileReader("c.txt"));
        BufferedReader bbr=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream("c.txt")));
        //封装输出流对象，用字符流传输
        BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(s.getOutputStream()));
        String line;
        while((line=br.readLine())!=null){
            bw.write(line);
            bw.newLine();
            bw.flush();
        }
        s.shutdownOutput();
        //接受反馈
        BufferedReader brClient =new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
        String data=brClient.readLine();
        System.out.println("服务器反馈："+data);
        br.close();
        s.close();
    }
}