2. C# .net EF

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-09 11:36:31 发布

溜须拍马_

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-09 11:36:31 发布

阅读量318

点赞数

文章标签： c# .net 开发语言

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/MC94532161/article/details/128053373

版权

What is dotnet ef?

Generates code for a DbContext and entity types for a database. In order for this command to generate an entity type, the database table must have a primary key

reference: EF Core tools reference (.NET CLI) - EF Core | Microsoft Learn

为DbContext和数据库的实体类型生成代码。简单说，有了实体之后可以通过代码实现数据库的创建以及迁移。

1. Setup

环境说一下：

Tool	Version
VS code	...
.Net SDK	6.0.403
OS	Mac os 12.4 Darwin
Microsoft.AspNetCore.App Microsoft.NETCore.App	6.0.11

检查是否安装了dotnet ef工具

ChensMacbook@ dotnet tool list --global


Package Id      Version      Commands 
--------------------------------------
dotnet-ef       7.0.0        dotnet-ef

安装最新的dotnet ef 工具

dotnet tool install --global dotnet-ef

可以删除

dotnet tool uninstall --global dotnet ef

使用过程中：安装需要sqlite/sqlserve都可以通过现有的 nuget 在ide中选择安装 (vscode YYDS)

开始

1. 首先要在domain中创建一个Entity

namespace Domain
{
    public class Activity
    {
        public Guid Id { get; set; }
        public String Title { get; set; }
        public DateTime Date { get; set; }
        public String Description { get; set; }
        public String Category { get; set; }
        public String City { get; set; }
        public String Venue { get; set; }
    }
}

我们在实体当中插入了一个Id，这个Id会默认为将来数据库所使用的Primiary Key。换了除了Id以外的任何一个字段都不好使。除非你加入一个[Key]

[Key] //identify this is a primary key
public int userId{ get ; set ; }

2. 需要创建一个DBcontext上下文类

什么是DBcontext （usage: DbContext Class (System.Data.Entity) | Microsoft Learn）

A DbContext instance represents a combination of the Unit Of Work and Repository patterns such that it can be used to query from a database and group together changes that will then be written back to the store as a unit. DbContext is conceptually similar to ObjectContext.

refernece: DbContext Class (System.Data.Entity) | Microsoft Learn

简单来说，DBcontext是实体类和数据库之间的桥梁。

这个时候，我们可以创建一个Activity的constructor。

namespace Persistence
{
    public class DataContext : DbContext
    {
        public DataContext(DbContextOptions options) : base (options){}
        public DbSet<Activity> Activities { get; set; }
    }

}

3. 数据库的迁移

//.net 6 at program.cs
ConfigurationManager configuration = builder.Configuration; // allows both to access and to set up the config
IWebHostEnvironment environment = builder.Environment;
builder.Services.AddDbContext<DataContext>(opt => {opt.UseSqlite(configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection")); });

var app = builder.Build();

using (var scope = app.Services.CreateScope())
{
    var services = scope.ServiceProvider;
    try
    {
        var context = services.GetRequiredService<DataContext>();    
        await context.Database.MigrateAsync();
        await Seed.SeedData(context);
    }
    catch(Exception ex){
        var logger = services.GetRequiredService<ILogger<Program>>();
        logger.LogError(ex, "An error occured during the database migration");
    }
    
}

await app.RunAsync();