尚硅谷JDBC

2.5工具类通用的查询一个实体的方法

//通用的查询方法之一：查询一行，即一个对象          /**           * 执行查询操作的SQL语句，SQL可以带参数(?)           * @param clazz Class 查询的结果需要封装的实体的Class类型，例如：学生Student，商品Goods,订单Order           * @param sql String 执行查询操作的SQL语句           * @param args Object... 对应的每个?设置的值，顺序要与?对应           * @return T 封装了查询结果的实体           * @throws Exception           */          public static <T> T get(Class<T> clazz,String sql,Object... args)throws Exception{                    //1、注册驱动                    //2、获取连接                    Connection conn = JDBCUtils.getConnection();                                       //3、对sql进行预编译                    PreparedStatement pst = conn.prepareStatement(sql);                                       //4、设置？                    if(args!=null && args.length>0){                             //数组的下标是从0开始，？的编号是1开始                             for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {                                      pst.setObject(i+1, args[i]);                             }                    }                                       //5、查询                    ResultSet rs = pst.executeQuery();                                       //获取查询的结果集的元数据信息                    ResultSetMetaData rsmd = rs.getMetaData();                    //这是查询的结果集中，一共有几列                    int count = rsmd.getColumnCount();                                       T t = clazz.newInstance();//要求这个Javabean类型必须有无参构造                                       while(rs.next()){                             /*                              * 问题？                              * （1）sql语句中查询了几列，每一列是什么属性                              * （2）怎么把这个值设置到Javabean的属性中                              */                             //循环每一行有几列                             for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {                                      //第几列的名称 //                                  String columnName = rsmd.getColumnName(i+1);                                      //如果sql中没有取别名，那么就是列名，如果有别名，返回的是别名                                      String fieldName = rsmd.getColumnLabel(i+1);                                                                           //该列的值 //                                  Object value = rs.getObject(columnName);                                      Object value = rs.getObject(fieldName);                                                                           //设置obj对象的某个属性中                                      Field field = clazz.getDeclaredField(fieldName);//JavaBean的属性名                                      field.setAccessible(true);                                      field.set(t, value);                             }                                                }                                       //5、释放资源                    //5、释放资源                    JDBCUtils.closeQuietly(rs,pst,conn);                                       return t;          }

 

2.6工具类通用的查询多个实体的方法

//通用的查询方法之二：查询多行，即多个对象          //Class<T> clazz：用来创建实例对象，获取对象的属性，并设置属性值          /**           * 执行查询操作的SQL语句，SQL可以带参数(?)           * @param clazz Class 查询的结果需要封装的实体的Class类型，例如：学生Student，商品Goods,订单Order           * @param sql String 执行查询操作的SQL语句           * @param args Object... 对应的每个?设置的值，顺序要与?对应           * @return ArrayList<T> 封装了查询结果的集合           * @throws Exception           */          public static <T> ArrayList<T> getList(Class<T> clazz,String sql,Object... args)throws Exception{                    //1、注册驱动，不用了                    //2、获取连接                    Connection conn = JDBCUtils.getConnection();                                       //3、对sql进行预编译                    PreparedStatement pst = conn.prepareStatement(sql);                                       //4、对？进行设置值                    if(args!=null && args.length>0){                             for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {                                      pst.setObject(i+1, args[i]);                             }                    }                                       //5、执行sql                    ResultSet rs = pst.executeQuery();                    //获取结果集的元数据                    ResultSetMetaData metaData = rs.getMetaData();                    //获取结果中总列数                    int count = metaData.getColumnCount();                                       //创建集合对象                    ArrayList<T> list = new ArrayList<T>();                                       while(rs.next()){//遍历的行                             //1、每一行是一个对象                             T obj = clazz.newInstance();                                                         //2、每一行有很多列                             //for的作用是为obj对象的每一个属性设置值                             for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {                                      //(1)每一列的名称                                      String fieldName = metaData.getColumnLabel(i+1);//获取第几列的名称，如果有别名获取别名，如果没有别名获取列名                                      //(2)每一列的值                                      Object value = rs.getObject(i+1);//获取第几列的值                                      //(3)获取属性对象                                      Field field = clazz.getDeclaredField(fieldName);                                      //(4)设置可见性                                      field.setAccessible(true);                                      //(5)设置属性值                                      field.set(obj, value);                             }                                                         //3、把obj对象放到集合中                             list.add(obj);                    }                                       //6、释放资源                    JDBCUtils.closeQuietly(rs,pst,conn);                                       //7、返回结果                    return list;          }

 

 

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