模板和泛型编程（C++ Primer 答案）

16.1 

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

template <typename T>
T myabs(T v) {
    return abs(v);
}

int main() {
    printf("%d\t", abs(-1));
    printf("%d\t", abs(-1l));
    printf("%d\t", abs(-'a'));

    return 0;
}

16.2

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>

using namespace std;

template <typename T>
void mywrite(ostream& o, T v) {
    o << v << endl;
}

int main() {
    mywrite(cout, "abc");
    mywrite(cout, 123);
    mywrite(cout, 'c');
    mywrite(cout, 3.2e3);

    ofstream out("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\CLionProjects\\DS_A\\hehe.txt");
    mywrite(cout, "abc");
    mywrite(cout, 123);
    mywrite(cout, 'c');
    mywrite(cout, 3.2e3);
    out.close();

    stringstream ss;
    mywrite(ss, "abc");
    mywrite(ss, 123);
    mywrite(ss, 'c');
    mywrite(ss, 3.2e3);
    out.close();

    return 0;
}

16.3

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>

using namespace std;

template <typename T1, typename T2>
int compare(T1 v, T2 w) {
    if(v < w)
        return -1;
    else if(v > w)
        return 1;
    else
        return 0;
}


int main() {
    printf("%p\t%p\n", "hi", "world");
    printf("%d\n", compare("hi", "world"));
    printf("%d\n", compare(string("hi"), string("world")));

    return 0;
}

可以看出，后者是比较字符串字面值，前者是比较两个指针大小。