springboot项目如何请求其他接口获取数据

首先请求第三方接口的方法有很多，我这里使用的是hutool对原生http请求的一个封装的方法，具体使用如下。

1.添加pom文件依赖

<dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>5.8.5</version>
        </dependency>

2.根据接口文档的返回值封装实体类

@Data
public class Result implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -3948389268046368059L;

    private Integer code;

    private String msg;

    private Object data;

    public Result() {}

    public Result(Integer code, String msg) {
        this.code = code;
        this.msg = msg;
    }

    public static Result success() {
        Result result = new Result();
        result.setResultCode(ResultCode.SUCCESS);
        return result;
    }

    public static Result success(Object data) {
        Result result = new Result();
        result.setResultCode(ResultCode.SUCCESS);
        result.setData(data);
        return result;
    }

    public static Result failure(ResultCode resultCode) {
        Result result = new Result();
        result.setResultCode(resultCode);
        return result;
    }

    public static Result failure(ResultCode resultCode, Object data) {
        Result result = new Result();
        result.setResultCode(resultCode);
        result.setData(data);
        return result;
    }

    public void setResultCode(ResultCode code) {
        this.code = code.code();
        this.msg = code.message();
    }
}



//下面这个是状态码code的枚举类
public enum ResultCode {
    /* 成功状态码 */
    SUCCESS(0, "success"),

    /* 参数错误：10001-19999 */
    PARAM_IS_INVALID(10001, "参数无效"),
    PARAM_IS_BLANK(10002, "参数为空"),
    PARAM_TYPE_BIND_ERROR(10003, "参数类型错误"),
    PARAM_NOT_COMPLETE(10004, "参数缺失"),

    /* 用户错误：20001-29999*/
    USER_NOT_LOGGED_IN(20001, "用户未登录"),
    USER_LOGIN_ERROR(20002, "账号不存在或密码错误"),
    USER_ACCOUNT_FORBIDDEN(20003, "账号已被禁用"),
    USER_NOT_EXIST(20004, "用户不存在"),
    USER_HAS_EXISTED(20005, "用户已存在"),

    /* 业务错误：30001-39999 */
    SPECIFIED_QUESTIONED_USER_NOT_EXIST(30001, "某业务出现问题"),

    /* 系统错误：40001-49999 */
    SYSTEM_INNER_ERROR(40001, "系统繁忙，请稍后重试"),

    /* 数据错误：50001-599999 */
    RESULE_DATA_NONE(50001, "数据未找到"),
    DATA_IS_WRONG(50002, "数据有误"),
    DATA_ALREADY_EXISTED(50003, "数据已存在"),

    /* 接口错误：60001-69999 */
    INTERFACE_INNER_INVOKE_ERROR(60001, "内部系统接口调用异常"),
    INTERFACE_OUTTER_INVOKE_ERROR(60002, "外部系统接口调用异常"),
    INTERFACE_FORBID_VISIT(60003, "该接口禁止访问"),
    INTERFACE_ADDRESS_INVALID(60004, "接口地址无效"),
    INTERFACE_REQUEST_TIMEOUT(60005, "接口请求超时"),
    INTERFACE_EXCEED_LOAD(60006, "接口负载过高"),

    /* 权限错误：70001-79999 */
    PERMISSION_NO_ACCESS(70001, "无访问权限");

    private Integer code;

    private String message;

    ResultCode(Integer code, String message) {
        this.code = code;
        this.message = message;
    }

    public Integer code() {
        return this.code;
    }

    public String message() {
        return this.message;
    }

    public static String getMessage(String name) {
        for (ResultCode item : ResultCode.values()) {
            if (item.name().equals(name)) {
                return item.message;
            }
        }
        return name;
    }

    public static Integer getCode(String name) {
        for (ResultCode item : ResultCode.values()) {
            if (item.name().equals(name)) {
                return item.code;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return this.name();
    }
}

3.开始编写我们的两个请求的格式get 与 post ，我这边因为一开始接口不同需要测试代码所以写了两个post的格式，一种是请求格式为表单的一种是json的。你们看自己需求分别拿就可以

@Slf4j
public class RestFulUtil {
    /**
     * @param c       需要转换的实体类
     * @param pathUrl 需要请求的接口路径
     * @param body    请求的参数
     */
    public static <T> T doPostJSON(Class<T> c, String pathUrl, String body) {
        HttpResponse execute = HttpRequest.post(pathUrl)
                .headerMap(getJsonCommonHeader(), true) //请求的消息头
                .timeout(5)//请求超时时间
                .body(body)//请求的json格式的参数
                .execute();

        int status = execute.getStatus();
        if (200 == status || 201 == status) {
            String respBody = execute.body();//请求参数后的返回值
            T bean = JSONUtil.toBean(respBody, c);//将返回的数据转成自己的实体类
            return bean;
        } else {
            log.error("请求url:{}, 请求体：{}, 请求头：{}, 响应码异常：{}，响应体：{}");
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * @param c       需要转换的实体类
     * @param pathUrl 需要请求的接口路径
     * @param formMap 请求的参数
     */
    public static <T> T doPostForm(Class<T> c, String pathUrl, Map<String, Object> formMap) {
        HttpResponse execute = HttpRequest.post(pathUrl)
                .headerMap(getCommonHeader(), true)
                .timeout(3000)
                .form(formMap)
                .execute();
        int status = execute.getStatus();
        if (200 == status || 201 == status) {
            String respBody = execute.body();
            T bean = JSONUtil.toBean(respBody, c);
            return bean;
        } else {
            log.error("请求url:{}, 请求体：{}, 请求头：{}, 响应码异常：{}，响应体：{}", pathUrl, formMap, getCommonHeader(), status, execute);
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * @param c 需要转换的实体类
     * @param pathUrl 需要请求的接口路径
     * @param headerMap 请求头的token
     * */
    public static <T> T doGetT(Class<T> c, String pathUrl, Map<String, String> headerMap) {
        HttpResponse execute = HttpRequest.get(pathUrl)
                .headerMap(getCommonHeader(), true)
                .headerMap(headerMap, true)
                .timeout(3000)
                .execute();
        System.out.println(execute.body());

        int status = execute.getStatus();
        if (200 == status || 201 == status) {
            String respBody = execute.body();
            T bean = JSONUtil.toBean(respBody, c);
            return bean;
        } else {
            log.error("请求url:{}, 请求体：{}, 请求头：{}, 响应码异常：{}，响应体：{}");
        }
        return null;
    }

    //这个方法是表单格式的请求头的一些参数
    private static Map<String, String> getCommonHeader() {
        Map<String, String> headerMap = new HashMap<>();
        headerMap.put("accept", "*/*");
        headerMap.put("connection", "Keep-Alive");  //维持长链接
        return headerMap;
    }
    //json格式的请求头
    private static Map<String, String> getJsonCommonHeader() {
        Map<String, String> headerMap = new HashMap<>();
        headerMap.put("accept", "*/*");
        headerMap.put("connection", "Keep-Alive");  //维持长链接
        headerMap.put("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8");
        return headerMap;
    }

}

4.开始对接口进行请求（只是一个简单的登录的一个简单的请求接口，其他的接口以此类推即可）

public class GetToken {
    /**
     * 获取token
     */
    public static Map<String,String> getToken() throws IllegalAccessException {
        Map<String, String> m = new HashMap<>();
        m.put("username", "admin");
        m.put("password", "123456");
        Result result = RestFulUtil.doPostJSON( Result.class, "https://localhost:1234/hello/#/login", JSON.toJSONString(m));
        if (result.getCode() == 0) {
            JSONObject data = JSONObject.parseObject(result.getData().toString());
            String t = (String) data.get("authorization");
            Map<String, String> token = new HashMap<>();
            token.put("token", t);
            return token;
        }else {
            return new HashMap<>();
        }

    }
}