MyBatis简介
是什么
持久层框架。
支持定制化SQL、存储过程和高级映射。
避免几乎所有JDBC代码和手动设置参数和获取结果集。
用简单的XML或直接配置。
持久层解释
数据持久化:将程序的数据在持久状态和瞬时状态转化的过程。
瞬时状态:如内存断电即失
持久状态:数据库、io文件
故完成持久化工作的代码块为持久层。
使用流程
父项目:
①新建项目:创建一个maven项目
②删除src层
③导入maven依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<modules>
<module>mybatis-01</module>
</modules>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
创建一个模块:
①编写核心配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!-- 核心配置文件 -->
<configuration>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="password"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
</configuration>
②编写mybatis工具类
public class MybatisUtils {
private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
static {
try {
//获取SqlSessionFactory对象
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static SqlSession getSqlSession() {
return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
}
}
编写代码
①实体类(User类)
②Dao接口类
public interface UserDao {
List<User> getUserList();
}
③Mapper配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace绑定一个对应的Dao/Mapper接口-->
<mapper namespace="com.lms.dao.UserDao">
<select id="getUserList" resultType="com.lms.pojo.User">
select * from mysql.user
</select>
</mapper>
测试
注:
①使用报错:org.apache.ibatis.binding.BindingException: Type interface com.lms.dao.UserDao is not known to the MapperRegistry.
<!--每个Mapper.xml都需要在核心配置文件中注册-->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="com/lms/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
②因为mapper文件在Dao层内,maven默认不会将其导出,需要额外手动配置
<!--在build中配置resources,来防止我们资源导出失败的问题-->
<build>
<resources>
<!--选择需要导出资源的路径,可以选择多个-->
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<!--写入需要导出的什么类型的文件-->
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<!--不去过滤这些文件-->
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
junit测试:
public class UserDaoTest {
@Test
public void test() {
//获得SqlSession对象
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
//执行SQL
UserDao mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
List<User> userList = mapper.getUserList();
for (User user : userList) {
System.out.println(user);
}
//关闭SqlSession
sqlSession.close();
}
}
总结:
①编写工具类获取SqlSession用于执行sql方法(需要进行核心配置文件的编写)
通过SqlSessionFactoryBuilder建造SqlSessionFactory再生产SqlSession
②编写实体用户类,Dao接口和对应Mapper(Mapper内依据Dao接口及其方法进行配置)