智能商贸项目(Day01)之框架搭建与集成
一、创建项目
使用IDEA创建一个PSS项目(创建动态web项目)。
数据库:MySQL
二、集成sssdj
1.集成三大框架(Spring+SpringMVC+SpringDataJpa)。
2.准备配置文件,引入项目中所需要的所有包(pom.xml)
注:导包时确保网络畅通,以及基本配置没有问题等(jdk的安装/IDE工具安装等),部分包后期会有更改。
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<org.springframework.version>4.2.5.RELEASE</org.springframework.version>
<org.hibernate.version>4.3.8.Final</org.hibernate.version>
<spring-data-jpa.version>1.9.0.RELEASE</spring-data-jpa.version>
<com.fasterxml.jackson.version>2.5.0</com.fasterxml.jackson.version>
<org.slf4j.version>1.6.1</org.slf4j.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- Spring的支持包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 引入web前端的支持 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringMCV上传需要用到io包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 文件上传用到的包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringMVC的json支持包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>${com.fasterxml.jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>${com.fasterxml.jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>${com.fasterxml.jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- hibernate的支持包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>${org.hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
<version>${org.hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringData的支持包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
<version>${spring-data-jpa.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringData的擴展包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.wenhao</groupId>
<artifactId>jpa-spec</artifactId>
<version>3.1.1</version>
<!-- 把所有的依賴都去掉 -->
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>*</groupId>
<artifactId>*</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 測試包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<!-- 这个scope 只能作用在编译和测试时,同时没有传递性。表示在运行的时候不添加此jar文件 -->
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 日志文件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${org.slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${org.slf4j.version}</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.14</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 代码生成器模版技术 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.velocity</groupId>
<artifactId>velocity</artifactId>
<version>1.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- shiro的支持包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-all</artifactId>
<version>1.4.0</version>
<type>pom</type>
</dependency>
<!-- shiro与Spring的集成包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.4.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- poi支持的jar包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>3.11</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
<version>3.11</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 图片压缩功能 -->
<!-- 缩略图 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>net.coobird</groupId>
<artifactId>thumbnailator</artifactId>
<version>0.4.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 定时调度 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>quartz</groupId>
<artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
<version>1.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 邮件支持 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
<artifactId>mail</artifactId>
<version>1.4.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>yxb</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
<artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>8.1.15.v20140411</version>
<configuration>
<stopPort>9966</stopPort>
<stopKey>foo</stopKey>
<webAppConfig>
<contextPath>/</contextPath>
</webAppConfig>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3.准备resources文件夹,配置applicationContext.xml
注意:修改相应的包扫描(每个系统都会有不一样的地方)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">
<!-- 扫描service部分的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="**service层包名(copy reference)**" />
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
<!-- 配置连接池 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<!--连接数据4个属性 -->
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<!--maxActive: 最大连接数量 -->
<property name="maxActive" value="150" />
<!--minIdle: 最小空闲连接 -->
<property name="minIdle" value="5" />
<!--maxIdle: 最大空闲连接 -->
<property name="maxIdle" value="20" />
<!--initialSize: 初始化连接 -->
<property name="initialSize" value="30" />
<!-- 用来配置数据库断开后自动连接的 -->
<!-- 连接被泄露时是否打印 -->
<property name="logAbandoned" value="true" />
<!--removeAbandoned: 是否自动回收超时连接 -->
<property name="removeAbandoned" value="true" />
<!--removeAbandonedTimeout: 超时时间(以秒数为单位) -->
<property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="10" />
<!--maxWait: 超时等待时间以毫秒为单位 1000等于60秒 -->
<property name="maxWait" value="1000" />
<!-- 在空闲连接回收器线程运行期间休眠的时间值,以毫秒为单位. -->
<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="10000" />
<!-- 在每次空闲连接回收器线程(如果有)运行时检查的连接数量 -->
<property name="numTestsPerEvictionRun" value="10" />
<!-- 1000 * 60 * 30 连接在池中保持空闲而不被空闲连接回收器线程 -->
<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="10000" />
<property name="validationQuery" value="SELECT NOW() FROM DUAL" />
</bean>
<!-- 集成hibernate的jpa功能 -->
<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!--待扫描的实体类包,不再需要persistence.xml了 -->
<property name="packagesToScan" value="**domain层包名(copy reference)**" />
<!-- 3.配置JPA的实现 -->
<!-- private JpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter; -->
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
<!-- org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.AbstractJpaVendorAdapter -->
<!-- private boolean showSql = false;是否显示sql语句 -->
<property name="showSql" value="true" />
<!-- private boolean generateDdl = false;是否建表 -->
<property name="generateDdl" value="false" />
<!-- private String databasePlatform;原来方言 -->
<property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" />
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- Jpa 事务配置 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 注解声明式事务管理 -->
<tx:annotation-driven />
<!-- Spring Data Jpa配置 ********************************************-->
<!-- base-package:扫描的包 -->
<jpa:repositories base-package="**repository层包名(copy reference)**" transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager"
entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory" />
</beans>
4.准备resources文件夹,配置jdbc.properties
注意:修改数据库名称以及密码
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql:///ypsm(数据库名称)
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=******(密码)
三、准备Domain
(1)抽取公共ID父类:BaseDomain
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.MappedSuperclass;
// 在JPA里面就表示是父类,不持久化到表
@MappedSuperclass
public class BaseDomain {
//对应表的主键
@Id
//表示主键的生成方式,多数都是使用AUTO(自动选择数据库本地的策略)
@GeneratedValue
protected Long id;
public Long getId() { return id; }
public void setId(Long id) { this.id = id; }
}
(2)子类Employee
//表示一个由jpa管理的持久对象,对应数据库的一个表
@Entity
// 数据库的表名
@Table(name="employee")
public class Employee extends BaseDomain {
private String username;
private String password;
private String email;
private Integer age;
//省略getter,setter与toString(注意:Alt+Insert可以自动生成)
}
四、准备Repository及完成功能
import cn.itsource.pss.domain.Employee;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
/**必需继承JpaRepository<1v,2v>
* 1v:代表你要操作的是哪一个domain对象
* 2v:这个domain对象的主键的类型 */
public interface EmployeeRepository extends JpaRepository<Employee, Long> { }
6.1 测试集成是否成功(部分包名省略)
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class EmployeeRepositoryTest {
@Autowired
private EmployeeRepository employeeRepository;
@Test
public void testFind() throws Exception{
List<Employee> emps = employeeRepository.findAll();
for (Employee emp :emps){ System.out.println(emp); }
}
}
五、JpaRepository的基本功能
5.1 普通的CRUD(测试)
//获取所有数据
@Test
public void testFindAll() throws Exception{
List<Employee> emps = employeeRepository.findAll();
for (Employee emp :emps){ System.out.println(emp);}
}
//根据id到一条数据
@Test
public void testFindOne() throws Exception{
Employee employee = employeeRepository.findOne(1L);
System.out.println(employee);
}
//添加与修改都使用save(主要看对象有没有id)
@Test
public void testSave() throws Exception{
Employee employee = new Employee();
//employee.setId(103L);
employee.setUsername("张三");
employee.setPassword("1234");
employee.setEmail("zhangsha@163.com");
employeeRepository.save(employee);
}
//删除数据
@Test
public void testDelete() throws Exception{
employeeRepository.delete(103L);
}
//得到总条数
@Test
public void testCount(){
System.out.println(employeeRepository.count());
}
5.2 分页排序功能(测试)
//进行分页功能
@Test
public void testPage() {
//1.需要先创建一个page对象(注意:页数是从0开始计算【0就是第1页】)
Pageable pageable = new PageRequest(0, 10);
//2.进行查询
Page<Employee> page = employeeRepository.findAll(pageable);
System.out.println(page.getTotalElements()); //总条数
System.out.println(page.getTotalPages()); //总页数
System.out.println(page.getContent()); //当前页数据
System.out.println(page.getNumber()); //第几页
System.out.println(page.getNumberOfElements()); //当前页有多少个数据
System.out.println(page.getSize()); //每页条数
}
//进行排序功能
@Test
public void testSort() {
//排序 :第一个参数是排序的规则(DESC/ASC) 后面参数是排序的字符
Sort sort = new Sort(Sort.Direction.DESC,"username");
List<Employee> emps = employeeRepository.findAll(sort);
for (Employee emp : emps) { System.out.println(emp); }
}
//分页与排序的集成
@Test
public void testPageAndSort() {
//排序 :第一个参数是排序的规则(DESC/ASC) 后面参数是排序的字符
Sort sort = new Sort(Sort.Direction.DESC,"username");
Pageable pageable = new PageRequest(0, 10,sort);
//2.进行查询
Page<Employee> page = employeeRepository.findAll(pageable);
for (Employee employee : page) { System.out.println(employee); }
}
5.3 根据条件进行查询
按照规范创建查询方法,一般按照java驼峰式书写规范加一些特定关键字,例如我们想通过员工的名来获取到对应的员工的对象。
public interface EmployeeRepository extends JpaRepository<Employee, Long> {
//根据名称模糊查询
List<Employee> findByUsernameLike(String username);
//根据名称进行查询
List<Employee> findByUsername(String username);
}
5.4 @Query注解查询
在Respository方法中一定要按照查询方法的命名规则,另还可以使用@Query的方法进行查询。只需要将@Query定义在Respository的方法之上即可。
案例一:拿到一个员工(它的Id是所有员工最大的)
@Query("select o from cn.itsource.pss.domain.Employee o where o.id=(select max(id) from cn.itsource.pss.domain.Employee e)")
Employee query01();
案例二:根据用户名和密码拿到相应的员工
根据参数顺序
@Query("select o from cn.itsource.pss.domain.Employee o where o.username like ?1 and o.email like ?2")
List<Employee> query02(String username,String email);
根据参数名称
@Query("select o from cn.itsource.pss.domain.Employee o where o.username like :username and o.email like :email")
List<Employee> query03(@Param("username") String username,@Param("email") String email);
案例三:查询总条数(原生sql查询)
@Query(value="SELECT COUNT(*) FROM employee",nativeQuery = true)
Long queryCount();
5.5 JpaSpecification Executor
JpaSpecificationExecutor(JPA规则执行者)是JPA2.0提供的Criteria API的使用封装,可以用于动态生成Query来满足我们业务中的各种复杂场景。
Spring Data JPA为我们提供了JpaSpecificationExecutor接口,只要简单实现toPredicate方法就可以实现复杂的查询。(所以查询都要求传入一个Specification对象):SimpleJpaRepository也实现了这个接口)
package org.springframework.data.jpa.repository;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.domain.Specification;
public interface JpaSpecificationExecutor<T> {
T findOne(Specification<T> spec);
List<T> findAll(Specification<T> spec);
Page<T> findAll(Specification<T> spec, Pageable pageable);
List<T> findAll(Specification<T> spec, Sort sort);
long count(Specification<T> spec);
}
我们要使用这个接口中的方法,首先让我们的接口也去继承这个接口
public interface EmployeeRepository extends JpaRepository<Employee,Long>,
JpaSpecificationExecutor<Employee> {}
5.6 JpaSpecificationExecutor查询功能
(1)单个条件的查询
@Test
public void testFind() {
List<Employee> emps = employeeRepository.findAll(
new Specification<Employee>() {
@Override
public Predicate toPredicate(Root<Employee> root, CriteriaQuery<?> query, CriteriaBuilder cb) {
Path path = root.get("username");//拿到要做查询的字段
Predicate p = cb.like(path, "%1%");//like代表做模糊查询,后面就是它的条件值
return p;
}
}
);
for (Employee emp : emps) { System.out.println(emp); }
}
(2)多个条件查询
@Test
public void testFind02() {
Specification spec = new Specification<Employee>() {
@Override
public Predicate toPredicate(Root root, CriteriaQuery query, CriteriaBuilder cb) {
//加上第一个条件: username like '%1%'
Path path1 = root.get("username");
Predicate p1 = cb.like(path1, "%1%");
//加上第二个条件: email like '%2%'
Path path2 = root.get("email");
Predicate p2 = cb.like(path2,"%2%");
//加上第二个条件: age < 20
Path path3 = root.get("age");
Predicate p3 = cb.lt(path3, 20);
//下面是加上or的条件的方案
//Predicate p3 = cb.or(p1,p2);
//把两个查询条件放到query对象中去(条件使用where)
CriteriaQuery where = query.where(p1, p2, p3);
//返回查询条件
return where.getRestriction(); }
};
List<Employee> emps = employeeRepository.findAll(spec);
for (Employee emp : emps) { System.out.println(emp); }
}
(3)条件查询+分页排序
@Test
public void testFind03() {
Specification spec = new Specification<Employee>() {
@Override
public Predicate toPredicate(Root root, CriteriaQuery query, CriteriaBuilder cb) {
//加上条件: username like '%1%'
Path path1 = root.get("username");
Predicate p1 = cb.and(cb.like(path1, "%1%"));
//把两个查询条件放到query对象中去(条件使用where)
CriteriaQuery where = query.where(p1);
//返回查询条件
return where.getRestriction(); }
};
//排序 :第一个参数是排序的规则(DESC/ASC) 后面参数是排序的字符
Sort sort = new Sort(Sort.Direction.DESC,"username");
Pageable pageable = new PageRequest(0, 10,sort);
Page<Employee> page = employeeRepository.findAll(spec, pageable);
for (Employee emp : page) { System.out.println(emp); }
}
六、 jpa-spec插件
这是一个对于上述动态生成Query功能的一个封装版,如果使用这个插件,在完成查询与分页的时候功能会简单不少。基于Spring Data Jpa的动态查询库 https://github.com/wenhao/jpa-spec。
兼容Spring Data Jpa 和JPA2.1接口;Equal/NotEqual/Like/NotLike/In/NotIn支持可变参数, Equal/NotEqual 支持空(Null)值。每个条件支持关联查询.支持自定义条件查询;条件构建器;支持分页和排序。
1.在Maven中引入相应的包
pom.xml(上述配置文件项目中已经引入jpa-spec相应的包):
2.功能测试
Jpa-spec的功能简单实用。其它一些功能,可以去参照网络上中文文档:
https://github.com/wenhao/jpa-spec/blob/master/docs/3.1.0_cn.md
https://www.w3cschool.cn/jpaspec/
(1)单个条件查询
@Test
public void testSpecFind01() {
Specification<Employee> spec = Specifications.<Employee>and().like("username", "%1%").build();
List<Employee> emps = employeeRepository.findAll(spec);
for (Employee emp : emps) { System.out.println(emp); }
}
(2)多个条件查询
@Test
public void testSpecFind02() {
Specification<Employee> spec = Specifications.<Employee>and().like("username", "%1%")
.like("email","%2%").lt("age", 20).build();
List<Employee> emps = employeeRepository.findAll(spec);
for (Employee emp : emps) {
System.out.println(emp);
}
}
(3)条件+排序分页功能
//条件集成+分页
@Test
public void testSpecFind03() {
Specification<Employee> spec = Specifications.<Employee>and().like("username", "%1%").build();
//排序 :第一个参数是排序的规则(DESC/ASC) 后面参数是排序的字符
Sort sort = new Sort(Sort.Direction.DESC,"username");
Pageable pageable = new PageRequest(0, 10,sort);
Page<Employee> page = employeeRepository.findAll(spec, pageable);
for (Employee emp : page) {
System.out.println(emp);
}
}
七、 Query查询条件
项目中的高级查询与分页,其查询的数据是从前端由客户输入(或者选择)传到后台的。故需要注意的问题有以下几点:
1 用户传的数据有0-n个(我们需要去判断)
2 咱们必需要准备一个对象接收用户传过来的数据(使用Query对象)
3 分页的条件对我们来说也是封装到Query对象中的
7.1 准备Query对象:BaseQuery:公共的分页条件
/**
* 公共的条件与规范
*/
public abstract class BaseQuery {
//当前页(从1开始)
private int currentPage = 1;
//每页条数
private int pageSize = 10;
//排序方式 ASC/DESC
private String orderByType ="ASC";
//排序字段
private String orderByName;
public int getCurrentPage() { return currentPage; }
/**
* 专门准备的方法,因为前台用户传的是从第1页开始,而我们后台分页又是从0开的
*/
public int getJpaPage() { return currentPage - 1; }
public void setCurrentPage(int currentPage) { this.currentPage = currentPage; }
public int getPageSize() { return pageSize; }
public void setPageSize(int pageSize) { this.pageSize = pageSize; }
public String getOrderByType() { return orderByType; }
public void setOrderByType(String orderByType) { this.orderByType = orderByType; }
public String getOrderByName() { return orderByName;}
public void setOrderByName(String orderByName) { this.orderByName = orderByName; }
}
7.2 EmployeeQuery:Employee特有的一些条件
public class EmployeeQuery extends BaseQuery {
private String username;//姓名
private String email;//邮件
private Integer age;//年龄
//此处省略了get/set方法
}
7.3 功能测试
//根据Query对象进行查询
@Test
public void testSpecFindByQuery() {
//创建模块一个Query对象
EmployeeQuery baseQuery = new EmployeeQuery();
//下面的都是测试的条件,可以任何放开进行测试
//baseQuery.setUsername("1");
//baseQuery.setAge(20);
//baseQuery.setEmail("2");
//baseQuery.setOrderByName("username");
//baseQuery.setOrderByType("DESC");
//baseQuery.setCurrentPage(2);
//baseQuery.setPageSize(5);
//like(条件boolean值,字段,值)
Specification<Employee> spec = Specifications.<Employee>and()
.like(StringUtils.isNotBlank(baseQuery.getUsername()), "username","%"+baseQuery.getUsername()+"%")
.like(StringUtils.isNotBlank(baseQuery.getEmail()), "email","%"+baseQuery.getEmail()+"%")
.lt(baseQuery.getAge()!=null, "age",baseQuery.getAge())
.build();
//这里确定是否需要排序
Sort sort = null;
if(baseQuery.getOrderByName()!=null){
Sort.Direction desc = "DESC".equals(baseQuery.getOrderByType())?Sort.Direction.DESC:Sort.Direction.ASC;
sort = new Sort(desc,baseQuery.getOrderByName());
}
Pageable pageable = new PageRequest(baseQuery.getJpaPage(), baseQuery.getPageSize(),sort);
Page<Employee> page = employeeRepository.findAll(spec, pageable);
for (Employee emp : page) {
System.out.println(emp);
}
}
7.4 创建Specification的流程放到Query里
通过上面的功能测试,可以知道前台传数据到后台,其查询处理方式。另除了创建Specification对象这一,分页排序的部分每次查询的代码都应该是一样的,所以现在需要做的就是把代码开始进行功能抽取。
(1)BaseQuery中添加抽象方法
public abstract class BaseQuery {
//此处省略部分代码
//拿到查询的条件对象(由子类实现)
public abstract Specification createSpecification();
//拿到排序的数据
public Sort createSort() {
Sort sort = null;
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(orderByName)) {
Sort.Direction type= "ASC".equals(orderByType.toUpperCase())? Sort.Direction.ASC:Sort.Direction.DESC;
sort = new Sort(type,orderByName);
}
return sort;
}
//此处省略部分代码
}
(2)EmployeeQuery中实现相应方法(以后每一个Query要做高级查询都写在这个位置)
public class EmployeeQuery extends BaseQuery {
//此处省略部分代码
@Override
public Specification createSpecification() {
//根据条件把数据返回即可
return Specifications.<Employee>and()
.like(StringUtils.isNotBlank(username), "username","%"+username+"%")
.like(StringUtils.isNotBlank(email), "email","%"+email+"%")
.lt(age!=null, "age",age)
.build();
}
//此处省略部分代码
}
八、 总结
上述内容中将Spring与SpringDataJpa的集成、使用jpa-spec插件完成高级查询与分页、架构搭建的思路作为重点学习。