C语言基本语句
一、固定格式
#include <stdio.h>
int main ()
{
return 0;
}
二、printf 语句
printf("holle world!");
printf("holle world!\n");
printf("holle world!\t");
三、int、float、double、char 型数据
int a = 3;
float b = 3.14;
double c = 3.14;
char d = 'A';
int a = 5, b, c, d, e, f;
b = a + 2; // b = 5 + 2 = 7
c = b - a; // c = 7 - 5 = 2
d = a * c; // d = 5 × 2 = 10
e = a / d; //e = 5 / 10 = 0.5 = 0
f = a % d; //f = 5 % 10 = 5 //取余
double a,b, c, s;
a = 3.67;
b = 5.43;
c = 6.21;
s = ( a + b + c ) / 2;
char a = 'B', b = 'O', c = 'Y';
a = a + 32; // a = 'b' // <=> a += 32
b = b + 32; // b = 'o' // <=> b += 32
c = c + 32; // c = 'y' // <=> c += 32
x *= y + 8; // <=> x = x * ( y + 8 )
z %= 3; // <=> z = z % 3
四、用 printf 语句输出 int、float、double、char 型数据
int a = 5, b, c, d, e, f;
b = a + 2;
c = b - a;
d = a * c;
e = a / d;
f = a % d;
printf ("a = %d, b = %d, c = %d\n", a, b, c);
printf ("e = %d, f = %d", e, f);
double a = 3.14;
printf ("%f\n", a);
//输出为3.140000
char a = 'B', b = 'O', c = 'Y';
a = a + 32;
b = b + 32;
c = c + 32;
printf ("小写字母依次为%c%c%c\n", a, b, c);
//运行结果为:小写字母依次是boy
五、用 scanf 语句输入 int、float、double、char 型数据
int a, b;
scanf ("%d,%d",&a, &b);
float a, b;
scanf ("%f,%f",&a, &b);
double a, b;
scanf ("%lf,%lf",&a, &b);
char a, b;
scanf ("%c,%c",&a, &b);
char a[10];
scanf("%s",a);
printf("%s",a);
六、putchar()语句、getchar()语句
char a, b, c;
a = getchar();
b = getchar();
c = getchar();
a = a + 32;
b = b + 32;
c = c + 32;
putchar(a);
putchar(b);
putchar(c);
putchar(\n);
/*
键入BOY
输出boy
*/
七、e^x、log等数学运算
#include <stdio.h>
函数 | 功能 | 使用方法 |
---|---|---|
abs | 求整数的绝对值 | int x; abs (x); |
fabs | 求x的绝对值 | double x; fabs (x); |
sin | 求sinx | double x; sin (x); |
cos | 求cosx | double x; cos (x); |
tan | 求tanx | double x; tan (x); |
exp | 求e^x | double x; exp (x); |
pow | 求x^y | double x; pow (x); |
sqrt | 求x^(1/2) | double x; sqrt (x); |
log | 求lnx | double x; log (x); |
log10 | 求lg10 | double (x); log10 (x); |
三个小知识点
%m.nf
一共输出m位,其中小数点后占n位
若m前有‘-’,则补位空格在数字后面
%e
以科学计数法的形式输出数据
小数点后默认取六位
也可以用 %m.ne 来精确数据
(int)(表达式)
将表达式结果强制转化整型,即抹去表达式结果中的小数点
选择语句
一、if语句
if ()
{
}
if ()
{
}
else
{
}
if ()
{
}
else if ()
{
}
if ()
{
if ()
{
}
else
{
}
}
else
{
}
二、常见表达形式
> //大于
>= //大于等于
< //小于
<= //小于等于
== //等于
!= //不等于
&& //两边均满足,即‘and’
|| //两边满足一个,即‘or’
三、表达式1?表达式2:表达式3;
a > b ?