注解:
其中,plt.scatter(x0,y0,s=50,color='b') 是画一个点,s代表点的尺寸,color=‘b’ 代表颜色为blue;import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import numpy as np x = np.linspace(-3,3,50) y = 2*x+1 plt.figure(num=1,figsize=(8,5)) plt.plot(x,y) ax = plt.gca() ax.spines['right'].set_color('none') ax.spines['top'].set_color('none') ax.xaxis.set_ticks_position('bottom') ax.spines['bottom'].set_position(('data',0)) ax.yaxis.set_ticks_position('left') ax.spines['left'].set_position(('data',0)) x0 = 1 y0 = 2*x0 + 1 plt.scatter(x0,y0,s=50,color='b') plt.plot([x0,x0],[y0,0],'k--',lw=2.5) plt.show()
plt.plot([x0,x0],[y0,0],'k--',lw=2.5) 是画出该点到x轴的虚线((x0,y0) ---> (x0,0)),k--中的k代表颜色为黑色(black),--代表虚线,
lw(linewidth)代表虚线的宽度;
注解方法一:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.linspace(-3,3,50)
y = 2*x+1
plt.figure(num=1,figsize=(8,5))
plt.plot(x,y)
ax = plt.gca()
ax.spines['right'].set_color('none')
ax.spines['top'].set_color('none')
ax.xaxis.set_ticks_position('bottom')
ax.spines['bottom'].set_position(('data',0))
ax.yaxis.set_ticks_position('left')
ax.spines['left'].set_position(('data',0))
x0 = 1
y0 = 2*x0 + 1
plt.scatter(x0,y0,s=50,color='b')
plt.plot([x0,x0],[y0,0],'k--',lw=2.5)
plt.annotate(r"$2x+1=%s$"%y0,xy=(x0,y0),xycoords='data',xytext=(+30,-30),textcoords='offset points',fontsize=16,arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle='->',connectionstyle='arc3,rad=.2'))
plt.show()
其中,xy代表注解是基于已有的data而定的,xytext代表注解式子处于已设定的点(textcoords)的右30下30处,fontsize代表尺寸,arrowprops设定箭头,
arrowstyle中的'->'代表箭头,connectionstyle代表弧度;
注解方法二:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.linspace(-3,3,50)
y = 2*x+1
plt.figure(num=1,figsize=(8,5))
plt.plot(x,y)
ax = plt.gca()
ax.spines['right'].set_color('none')
ax.spines['top'].set_color('none')
ax.xaxis.set_ticks_position('bottom')
ax.spines['bottom'].set_position(('data',0))
ax.yaxis.set_ticks_position('left')
ax.spines['left'].set_position(('data',0))
x0 = 1
y0 = 2*x0 + 1
plt.scatter(x0,y0,s=50,color='b')
plt.plot([x0,x0],[y0,0],'k--',lw=2.5)
plt.text(-3.7,3,r'$This\ is\ the\ some\ text.\ \mu\ \sigma_i\ \alpha_t$',fontdict={'size':16,'color':'r'})
plt.show()
运行结果: