第十二章编程练习(3)

STOCK.h

#pragma once
#ifndef STOCK_H_
#define STOCK_H_
#include <iostream>
class Stock {
private:
	char * str;
	int shares;
	double share_val;
	double total_val;
	void set_tot() { total_val = shares * share_val; }
public:
	Stock();
	~Stock();
	Stock(const Stock & st);
	Stock(const char * s, long n = 0, double pr = 0.0);
	void buy(long num, double price);
	void sell(long num, double price);
	void update(double price);
	const Stock & topval(const Stock & st)const;
	//overloded operator friend
	friend std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream & os, Stock & st);
	//overloded operator methods
	Stock & operator=(const Stock & st);
	Stock & operator=(const char * s);
};
#endif

STOCK.cpp

#include "STOCK.h"
#include <cstring>
Stock::Stock()
{
	str = new char[1];
	str = '\0';
	shares = 0;
	share_val = 0.0;
	total_val = 0.0;
}
Stock::~Stock()
{
	delete[]str;
}

Stock::Stock(const Stock & st)
{
	delete[]str;
	int len = std::strlen(st.str);
	str = new char[len + 1];
	std::strcpy(str, st.str);
	shares = st.shares;
	share_val = st.share_val;
	total_val = st.total_val;
}
Stock::Stock(const char * s, long n, double pr)
{
	int len = std::strlen(s);
	//delete[]str;
	str = new char[len + 1];
	std::strcpy(str, s);
	if (n < 0)
	{
		std::cout << "Number of shares can't be negative;"
			<< str << " shares set to 0.\n";
		shares = 0;
	}
	else
		shares = n;
	share_val = pr;
	set_tot();
}
void Stock::buy(long num, double price)
{
	if (num < 0)
	{
		std::cout << "Number of shares purchased can't be negative."
			<< "Transaction is aborted.\n";
	}
	else
	{
		shares += num;
		share_val = price;
		set_tot();
	}
}
void Stock::sell(long num, double price)
{
	using std::cout;
	if (num < 0)
	{
		cout << "Number of shares purchased can't be negative."
			<< "Transaction is aborted.\n";
	}
	else if (num>shares)
	{
		cout << "You can't sell more than you have! "
			<< "Transaction is aborted.\n";
	}
	else {
		shares -= num;
		share_val = price;
		set_tot();
	}
}
void Stock::update(double price)
{
	share_val = price;
	set_tot();
}
std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream & os, Stock & st)
{
	using std::ios_base;
	ios_base::fmtflags orig = os.setf(ios_base::fixed, ios_base::floatfield);
	std::streamsize prec = os.precision(3);
	os << "Company: " << st.str
		<< " Shares: " << st.shares << std::endl;
	os << " Shares Price： $" << st.share_val;
	os.precision(2);
	os << " Total Worth: $" << st.total_val << std::endl;
	os.setf(orig, ios_base::floatfield);
	os.precision(prec);
	return os;
}
const Stock & Stock::topval(const Stock & st)const
{
	if (st.total_val > total_val)
		return st;
	else
		return *this;
}

Stock & Stock::operator=(const Stock & st)
{
	if (this == &st)
		return *this;
	delete[]str;
	int len = std::strlen(st.str);
	str = new char[len + 1];
	std::strcpy(str, st.str);
	shares = st.shares;
	share_val = st.share_val;
	total_val = st.total_val;
	return *this;
}

Stock & Stock::operator=(const char * s)
{
	int len = std::strlen(s);
	delete[]str;
	str = new char[len + 1];
	std::strcpy(str, s);
	return *this;
}

main.cpp

#include "STOCK.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
const int STKS = 4;
int main()
{
	Stock stocks[STKS] = {
		Stock("NanoSmart",12,20.0),
		Stock("Boffo Objects",200,2.0),
		Stock("Monolithic Obelisks",130,3.25),
		Stock("Fleep Enterprises",60,6.5)
	};
	std::cout << "Stock holdings::\n";
	int st;
	for (st = 0; st < STKS; st++)
		std::cout << stocks[st];
	const Stock * top = &stocks[0];
	for (st = 1; st < STKS; st++)
		top = &top->topval(stocks[st]);
	Stock temp = *top;//把最多的对象解除引用赋予一个新对象，不然重载的<<运算符只输出最多对象的地址
	std::cout << "\nMost valuable holdong:\n";
	std::cout << temp << std::endl;//因为重载<<运算符并不接受对象的地址，它只接受一个对象作为实参
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}