4.1

据题意，不用友元函数，且其为非成员函数， 那么， 运算符的重载则不能直接调用数据成员， 成员函数做为对外的链接口， 则需要在运算符重载中用到成员函数来调用数据成员

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class complex
{
public:
    complex(){real=0;imag=0;}
    complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}
    double get_real();
    double get_imag();
    void display();
private:
    double real;
    double imag;
};
double complex::get_real()
{return real;}
double complex::get_imag()
{return imag;}
void complex::display()
{
    cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;
}
complex operator+(complex &c1,complex &c2)
{
    return complex(c1.get_real()+c2.get_real(),c1.get_imag()+c2.get_imag());
}
int main()
{
    complex c1(2,9),c2(4,-3),c3;
    c3=c1+c2;
    cout<<"c3=";
    c3.display();
    return 0;
}

<img src="https://img-blog.csdn.net/20150426111411302?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvTWFvX3phaQ==/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center" alt="" />