java I/O流的典型使用方式

缓冲输入文件

import java.io.*;

/**
 * BufferedInputFile
 */
public class BufferedInputFile {

    public static String read(String filename) throws IOException{
        BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(filename));
        String s;
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        while ((s = in.readLine())!=null) {
            sb.append(s+"\n");
        }
        in.close();
        return sb.toString();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
        System.out.println(read("/Users/dylan/Desktop/in.txt"));// 这里填充文件的String或者File对象就可以
    }
}

从内存输入
注意read()是以int形式返回下一子节,所以必须要类型转换为char才能正确打印
(感觉这个跟上一个相比功能没什么区别鸭)

import java.io.*;
/**
 * MemoryInput
 */
public class MemoryInput {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
        //这里是先转化为string,然后再用stringReader去读取
        //注意这里的BufferedInputFile是上一个程序中的..
        StringReader in = new StringReader(BufferedInputFile.read("/Users/dylan/Desktop/in.txt"));
        int c;
        while ((c = in.read()) != -1) {
            System.out.print((char)c);
        }
    }
}

格式化的内存输入
DataInputStream是一个面向字节的IO类,所以必须要使用InputStream而不是Reader
ByteArrayInputStream的参数必须是字节数组,所以在BufferedInputFile.read把它转换为String之后,string.getBytes就把String转化为了字节数组
(有点不太理解这个格式化的意思)

//方法一: 先转化为String
import java.io.*;
/**
 * FormattedMemoryInput
 */
public class FormattedMemoryInput {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            //in.txt --BufferedInputFile-> String ---->ByteArrayInputStream -->  DataInputStream
            DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(BufferedInputFile.read("/Users/dylan/Desktop/in.txt" ).getBytes()));
            while (true) {
                System.out.print((char)in.readByte());
            }
        } catch (EOFException e) {
            System.err.println("end of stream");
        }catch(IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

//方法二,直接使用FileInputStream,但是这个不好判断是否到达文件末尾,可以使用available
//但是available要谨慎使用
import java.io.DataInput;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * TestEOF
 */
public class TestEOF {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
        DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream("/Users/dylan/Desktop/in.txt"));
        while(in.available() != 0){
            System.out.print((char)in.readByte());
        }
        in.close();
    }
}

基本的文件输出

//: io/BasicFileOutput.java
import java.io.*;

public class BasicFileOutput {
  static String file = "BasicFileOutput.out";
  public static void main(String[] args)
  throws IOException {
 	BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new StringReader(BufferedInputFile.read("BasicFileOutput.java")));
    PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file)));
    int lineCount = 1;
    String s;
    while((s = in.readLine()) != null )
      out.println(lineCount++ + ": " + s);
    out.close();
    // Show the stored file:
    System.out.println(BufferedInputFile.read(file));
  }
} /* (Execute to see output) *///:~

简单的方法:

//: io/FileOutputShortcut.java
import java.io.*;

public class FileOutputShortcut {
  static String file = "FileOutputShortcut.out";
  public static void main(String[] args)
  throws IOException {
    BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(
      new StringReader(
       BufferedInputFile.read("FileOutputShortcut.java")));
    // ********Here's the shortcut:**********
    PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(file);
    int lineCount = 1;
    String s;
    while((s = in.readLine()) != null )
      out.println(lineCount++ + ": " + s);
    out.close();
    // Show the stored file:
    System.out.println(BufferedInputFile.read(file));
  }
} /* (Execute to see output) *///:~

存储和恢复数据

读取随机访问文件