Series

Series

Series 是一种类似与一维数组的对象，它由一组数据(各种NumPy数据类型)以及一组与之 相关的数据标签(即索引)组成

创建 Series

from pandas import Series,DataFrame
import pandas as pd

obj = Series([4,7,-5,3])
obj

0    4
1    7
2   -5
3    3
dtype: int64

索引命名

obj = Series([4,7,-5,3],index=['d','b','c','a'])
obj

d    4
b    7
c   -5
a    3
dtype: int64

索引重命名

obj.index = ['Bob','Steve','Jeff','Ryan']
obj

Bob      4
Steve    7
Jeff    -5
Ryan     3
dtype: int64

通过字典 创建 Series

如果只传入一个字典，则Series中的索引就是原字典的键

sdata = {'Ohio':35000,'Texas':71000,'Oregon':16000,'Utah':5000}
obj = Series(sdata)
obj

Ohio      35000
Oregon    16000
Texas     71000
Utah       5000
dtype: int64

列表作为索引与字典匹配 创建 Series (Series 可能含有缺失值NaN)

sdata = {'Ohio':35000,'Texas':71000,'Oregon':16000,'Utah':5000}
states = ['California','Ohio','Oregon','Texas']
obj = Series(sdata,index=states)
obj

California        NaN
Ohio          35000.0
Oregon        16000.0
Texas         71000.0
dtype: float64

Series 属性

.values 获取数组表示形式

obj.values

array([   nan, 35000., 16000., 71000.])

.index 获取索引对象

obj.index

Index(['California', 'Ohio', 'Oregon', 'Texas'], dtype='object')

.name 对Servies对象 和 索引命名

sdata = {'Ohio':35000,'Texas':71000,'Oregon':16000,'Utah':5000}
states = ['California','Ohio','Oregon','Texas']
obj = Series(sdata,index=states)

obj.name = 'population'
obj.index.name = 'state'
obj

state
California        NaN
Ohio          35000.0
Oregon        16000.0
Texas         71000.0
Name: population, dtype: float64

索引与查找

obj = Series([4,7,-5,3],index=['d','b','a','c'])
obj['a']

-5

obj[['c','a','d']]

c    3
a   -5
d    4
dtype: int64

print ('b' in obj)
print ('e' in obj)

True
False

obj[obj > 2]  ## 根据布尔值进行过滤

d    4
b    7
c    3
dtype: int64

pd.isnull() 检查缺失数据，有NaN值返回 True

pd.notnull() 检查缺失数据，有NaN值返回 false

import pandas as pd
sdata = {'Ohio':35000,'Texas':71000,'Oregon':16000,'Utah':5000}
states = ['California','Ohio','Oregon','Texas']
obj = Series(sdata,index=states)

print(pd.isnull(obj))
print('----------------------')
print(pd.notnull(obj))

California     True
Ohio          False
Oregon        False
Texas         False
dtype: bool
----------------------
California    False
Ohio           True
Oregon         True
Texas          True
dtype: bool

Series 运算

标量乘法

obj = Series([4,7,-5,3],index=['d','b','a','c'])
obj * 2    

d     8
b    14
a   -10
c     6
dtype: int64

应用数学函数

np.exp(x)返回幂运算$e^x$的结果

import numpy as np
np.exp(obj)

d      54.598150
b    1096.633158
a       0.006738
c      20.085537
dtype: float64

算术运算与自动对象不同索引

print('-------------obj1---------------')
sdata = {'Ohio':35000,'Texas':71000,'Oregon':16000,'Utah':5000}
obj1 = Series(sdata)
print(obj1)
print('-------------obj2---------------')
states = ['California','Ohio','Oregon','Texas']
obj2 = Series(sdata,index=states)
print(obj2)
print('-------------obj1+obj2----------')
print(obj1 + obj2)

-------------obj1---------------
Ohio      35000
Oregon    16000
Texas     71000
Utah       5000
dtype: int64
-------------obj2---------------
California        NaN
Ohio          35000.0
Oregon        16000.0
Texas         71000.0
dtype: float64
-------------obj1+obj2----------
California         NaN
Ohio           70000.0
Oregon         32000.0
Texas         142000.0
Utah               NaN
dtype: float64