(javaweb-09) Filter

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-17 11:20:01 发布

Milyaa

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-17 11:20:01 发布

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分类专栏： javaweb

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Mily00/article/details/118662382

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一、Filter 过滤器

用于过滤网站的数据
1、处理编码问题
2、登录验证
等
在这里插入图片描述

Filter 步骤

1、导包

<!--servlet依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>

2、实现Filter，重写方法

注意！必须实现 servlet下的Filter

public class CharacterEncordingFilter implements Filter {

    /*初始化 Web服务器打开即进行初始化 等待过滤*/
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
        System.out.println("过滤器初始化");
    }
    
    //chain : 链
    /*
    * 1、过滤方法中的代码，在过滤特定请求（web.xml下fileter-mapping的url-pattern）的时候都会执行
    * 2、必须要让过滤器继续放行*/
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        /*使用过滤器进行编码处理*/
        servletRequest.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        servletResponse.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        servletResponse.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        System.out.println("过滤器执行");
        //放行过滤器
        //让代码继续走，如果不写，程序进行到这里就停止！！
        //将request和response转发下去
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
        System.out.println("过滤器执行后");
    }

    /*销毁    web服务器关闭的时候 会进行销毁*/
    public void destroy() {
        System.out.println("过滤器销毁");
    }
}

3、web.xml下配置映射

<filter>
        <filter-name>charencding</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.mily.filter.CharacterEncordingFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>charencding</filter-name>
        <!--只要是/servlet/ 下的servlet 都进行这个过滤处理-->
        <url-pattern>/servlet/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

测试

原先servlet下编码处理方式

@Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
       /*原先处理乱码方法*/
        //resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.getWriter().write("中文中文 会乱码");
    }

web.xml

<servlet>
        <servlet-name>showservlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mily.servlet.showservlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>showservlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/servlet/show</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>showservlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/show</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

1、启动web服务器
在这里插入图片描述
2、访问 /show 乱码

3、访问 /servlet/show 编码解决，调用过滤方法

二、Listener 监听器

/*统计网站在线人数： 统计session*/
public class CountOnline implements HttpSessionListener {
    /*创建session监听： 监听你的一举一动
    * 一但创建了session就会触发*/
    public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent se) {
        //获取到session 所有人都要访问到 作用域最高 需要获取ServletContext
        ServletContext servletContext = se.getSession().getServletContext();
        //获取存放的数据
        Integer online = (Integer) servletContext.getAttribute("online");
        //判断获取到的数据是否为空
        //若为空 则无人在线 就创建一个
        if (online==null){
            online =new Integer(1);
        }
        else {//否则 就++
            online+=new Integer(1);
        }
        servletContext.setAttribute("online",online);
    }
    //销毁session监听 一但销毁了session就会触发
    public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent se) {

        /*销毁session
        * 手动
        *    se.getSession().invalidate();
        * 自动
        *   webxml下 设置过期时间*/
    }
}

jsp 获取参数数据

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>$Title$</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>
      当前在线人数：
        <%=this.getServletConfig().getServletContext().getAttribute("online") %>
    </h1>
  </body>
</html>

三、Filter实现权限拦截

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>登录页面</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="/servlet/login" method="post">
        <input type="text" name="username">
        <input type="submit">
    </form>
</body>
</html>

success.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>登录后界面</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>主页</h1>
    <p><a href="/servlet/loginout">注销</a></p>
</body>
</html>

登录servlet

public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取前端参数
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        if (username.equals("admin")){
            System.out.println("登录成功");
            //将登录信息存放起来
            req.getSession().setAttribute("uname_session",req.getSession().getId());
            resp.sendRedirect("/sys/success.jsp");
        }
        else {
            System.out.println("登录失败");
        }

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

注销servlet

public class LoginOutServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        Object uname = req.getSession().getAttribute("uname_session");
        if (uname!=null){
            req.getSession().removeAttribute("uname_session");
            resp.sendRedirect("/login.jsp");
        }else {
            resp.sendRedirect("/login.jsp");
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

权限过滤器

/*
* 加个过滤器
*   没有登录，不允许跳转到别的页面*/
public class jspFilter implements Filter {
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

    }

    public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        //将ServletRequest 转为 HttpServletRequest 拿session
        HttpServletRequest hreq =(HttpServletRequest) req;
        HttpServletResponse hresq =(HttpServletResponse) resp;
        Object uname_session = hreq.getSession().getAttribute("uname_session");
        if (uname_session==null){
            System.out.println("还没有登录，请先登录");
            hresq.sendRedirect("/login.jsp");
        }

        chain.doFilter(req,resp);
    }

    public void destroy() {

    }
}

web.xml

<servlet>
        <servlet-name>login</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mily.servlet.LoginServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>login</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/servlet/login</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>loginout</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mily.servlet.LoginOutServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>loginout</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/servlet/loginout</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <filter>
        <filter-name>filterlogin</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.mily.filter.jspFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>filterlogin</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/sys/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

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(javaweb-09) Filter

Filter 过滤器用于过滤网站的数据1、处理编码问题2、登录验证等Filter 步骤1、导包 <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5&lt
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