《设计模式之禅》-组合模式-1

组合模式比较难理解，所以先看相关例子，本章节代码较多，需在git下载

这是一个常见的数据库结构

比较典型的树状结构（常见的还有菜单）

 

 

一般的做法

CEO我们认为是根节点

developDep，developGroup,salesDep，fianceDep是树枝节点

k,a,b则是树叶节点（树叶节点是最小的节点.不能延伸或者有分支）

一般的做法是定义三个接口用来定义三个角色，然后通过add方法进行组合在一起，最终结果

详细代码: 组合模式1

demo: https://gitee.com/minstrel01/Design-Pattern-demo.git composite_pattern.example_1

虽然能完成需求，但是问题在于 IRoot和IBranch 其实是一样的,含有的方法也一样，而且每个类中都有相同的方法getInfo()，需要编写大量重复代码而且不易扩展

优化：

我们首先把IRoot和IBranch合并为同一个接口。IRoot也认为是IBranch

然后树枝节点和树叶节点也有相同的方法 getInfo()，将getInfo()放到ICorp接口中 

优化详细代码：组合模式2

demo: https://gitee.com/minstrel01/Design-Pattern-demo.git composite_pattern.example_2

运行结果：

在查看优化后的代码时会发现Banch类和Leaf 中都有getInfo的信息

public class Branch implements IBranch {

    //保存树枝节点下的子树枝节点和树叶节点，也就是高级下属和基础下属

    private ArrayList subordinateList = new ArrayList();

    //树枝节点的名字

    private String name = "";

    //树枝节点的职位

    private String position = "";

    //树枝节点的薪水

    private int salary = 0;

    //通过构造函数传递树枝节点的信息

    public Branch(String _name, String _position, int _salary){

        this.name = _name;

        this.position = _position;

        this.salary = _salary;

    }

    //增加一个员工(树枝节点或者树叶节点)

    public void add(ICorp corp) {

        this.subordinateList.add(corp);

    }

    //获得自己树枝节点的信息

    @Override

    public String getInfo() {

        String info = "";

        info = "名称:" + this.name;

        info = info + "\t职位:" + this.position;

        info = info + "\t薪水:" + this.salary;

        return info;

    }

    //获得下级信息

    @Override

    public ArrayList getSubordinateInfo() {

        return this.subordinateList;

    }

}

public class Leaf implements ILeaf {

    //叶子节点的名字

    private String name = "";

    //叶子节点的职位

    private String position = "";

    //叶子节点的薪水

    private int salary = 0;

    //通过构造函数传递叶子节点的信息

    public Leaf(String _name, String _position, int _salary){

        this.name = _name;

        this.position = _position;

        this.salary = _salary;

    }

    //获得自己的信息

    @Override

    public String getInfo() {

        String info = "";

        info = "名称:" + this.name;

        info = info + "\t职位:" + this.position;

        info = info + "\t薪水:" + this.salary;

        return info;

    }

}

将getInfo相关信息抽象一下

Ibranch接口没有了，Crop也变成了抽象类，抽象类其实就是抽象出共性,将这段代码放到Corp中

    private String name = "";


    private String position = "";


    private int salary = 0;


    public Corp(String _name, String _position, int _salary){

        this.name = _name;

        this.position = _position;

        this.salary = _salary;

    }

 精简后的代码

public abstract class Corp {

    private String name = "";

    private String position = "";

    private int salary = 0;


    //通过构造函数传递信息

    public Corp(String _name, String _position, int _salary){

        this.name = _name;

        this.position = _position;

        this.salary = _salary;

    }

    public String getInfo() {

        String info = "";

        info = "名称:" + this.name;

        info = info + "\t职位:" + this.position;

        info = info + "\t薪水:" + this.salary;

        return info;

    }

}

//叶子节点

public class Leaf extends Corp {

    public Leaf(String _name, String _position, int _salary){

        super(_name,_position,_salary);

    }

}

//树枝节点

public class Branch extends Corp {

    //保存树枝节点下的子树枝节点和树叶节点，也就是高级下属和基础下属

    private ArrayList subordinateList = new ArrayList();


    public Branch(String _name, String _position, int _salary){

        super(_name,_position,_salary);

    }

    //增加一个员工(树枝节点或者树叶节点)

    public void add(Corp corp) {

        this.subordinateList.add(corp);

    }


    public ArrayList getSubordinateInfo() {

        return this.subordinateList;

    }

}

public class Main {


    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //组装一个组织结构

        Branch ceo = compositeCorpTree();

        //打印ceo信息

        System.out.println(ceo.getInfo());

        //打印所有员工信息

        System.out.println(getTree(ceo));


    }


    private static Branch compositeCorpTree(){

        //先产生一个CEO

        Branch ceo = new Branch("刘备","总经理",10000);

        //产生树枝节点 高级下属三个部门经理

        Branch developDep = new Branch("诸葛亮","研发部经理",5000);

        Branch salesDep = new Branch("关羽","销售部经理",5000);

        Branch financeDep = new Branch("张飞","财务部经理",5000);

        //生成一个子树枝节点 组长

        Branch developGroup = new Branch("马谡","研发部组长",3000);

        //生成员工

        Leaf k = new Leaf("k","CEO秘书",1000);

        Leaf a = new Leaf("a","员工A",1000);

        Leaf b = new Leaf("b","员工B",1000);

        //总经理定义

        ceo.add(developDep);

        ceo.add(salesDep);

        ceo.add(financeDep);

        ceo.add(k);

        //部门经理定义

        developDep.add(developGroup);

        salesDep.add(b);

        //组长定义

        developGroup.add(a);


        return ceo;

    }


    //打印

    private static String getTree(Branch branch){

        ArrayList<Corp> subordinateList =  branch.getSubordinateInfo();

        String info = "";

        for (Corp s : subordinateList){

            if (s instanceof Leaf){

                info = info +s.getInfo()+"\n";

            }else {

                info = info+ s.getInfo()+" \n" + getTree((Branch)s);

            }

        }

        return info;

    }

}

 

详细代码：组合模式3

demo: https://gitee.com/minstrel01/Design-Pattern-demo.git composite_pattern.example_3

这就是组织模式，详细解析在组合模式2